PYRALIDINA 



.simple or rarely obsoletely furcate, 4 and 5 closely approximated 

 or rarely stalked, 7 separate. Hindwings without denned 

 pcctcn of hairs on lower margin of cell (but sometimes with 

 loose scattered hairs), 4 and 5 closely approximated or stalked, 

 7 rising out of G near origin, anastomosing with 8. 



This is an exceedingly large family, common in all parts of 

 the globe, but much more numerous within the tropics, where 

 it rivals the P/miadae and Papilionina. Imago with forewings 

 distinctly triangular, not usually very elongate or narrow; 

 neuration very uniform. The species mostly fly about sunset, 

 and are generally easily disturbed by day. 



Ovum more or less flattened-ovate, smooth or finely pitted 

 or reticulated. Larva rather slender, generally very Bhining 

 and translucent, with few hairs ; usually feeding in a slight web 

 or amongst spun leaves, occasionally in stems or roots, or 

 aquatic ; not unfrequcntly dead or decaying leaves are preferred 

 to fresh ones. Pupa usually in a cocoon above ground, some- 

 times subterranean. 



The diagram explains the phylogcny of the principal genera. 



PllYLOGENY OE P Y1UVSTIDAK. 

 Acentropus Cataclysta 



I I 



Schotuoliius Nymphula 



Hyilrocainpa 

 I 

 Riasemia Stcnia Margaronia 



I I I 



I 

 [Ischnurges] Notarclia Phlyctacuia 



I I 1 



I 

 Pyrausta 



Loxostege Scoparia 



Evergestis 



Tabulation of Genera. 

 1. Posterior tibiae in 3 with outer middle-spur rudi- 

 mentary . . 2. 

 ., » „ outer middle-spur de- 

 veloped . . 3. 



