GEOGRAPHY. H 



Neilglierries ; and the mucli less elevated East Gliaiits, separated from the 

 other branch by the Deccan. 



V. The mountains encircling the table land of Persia or the plateau of 

 Iran, of a height of from 4000 to 7000 feet above the sea. This is bounded 

 to the north by the Hindukhos, -which is the ^vestern continuation of the 

 Himalaya, attaining a height of over 20.000 feet, and connected through the 

 Parapomisan chain with the mountains of Elbruz on the southern extremity 

 of the Caspian Sea (Damavend, the loftiest peak of the Elbruz. 15,000 feet 

 high). To the east of the table land of Persia is found the Indo-Persian 

 mountain boundary, with a peak, Sufeid Kho, 15,000 feet high ; also the Soli- 

 man chain and the Brahu Mountains. In the south-vrest is a range of 120 to 

 200 miles broad, connected Avith the Ell>ruz, and parallel with the south Avest- 

 ern shore of Iran ; this attains a height of 13,000 feet in Mount Sevellan, 

 east of Tauris. 



VI. The mountains of Armenia and Koordistan, forming the Avater-shed 

 between the Persian Gulf, the Black, and the Caspian seas. The highest 

 mountain in Armenia is the time-honored Ararat, 17.112 feet high. Branches 

 of the Armenian mountains are : 1. The Caucasus, between the Caspian and 

 Black seas, 120 to 200 miles louir. and attaininf? a height of 18.493 feet in 

 Elbruz. 2. The Antitaurus (highest point Argneus, 13,197). 3. The Taurus, 

 in Asia Minor, connected with the preceding. Single mountains of Asia Mi- 

 nor are Olympus, Ida, Tmolus, (fee. 



YII. The mountains of Lebanon in SA^ria. divided bA^ the valleA' of Coelo- 

 Syria into Lebanon proper and Anti-Lebanon, are connected toAvards the 

 south Avith the mountains east and Avest of the Jordan : amono- these are 

 Tabor, Carmel, Gilead, &c. The elcA^ation of Lebanon proper is 9517 

 feet. 



YIII. Sinai and Horeb on a small peninsula in the north-Avest of Arabia, 

 the former 7498 feet, the latter 8593 in heio-ht. 



The most important Capes and Promontories of Asia are : 1. Ras-el-Gad, 

 the south-eastern point of Arabia. 2. Ras Muhammed, the southern point of 

 the peninsula of Sinai. 3. Cape Comorin, the southern point of Hindostan. 

 4. Cape Romania, the southern point of the Malayan Peninsula, and the ex- 

 treme southern point of the mainland of Asia. 5. Cape Cambodja, the south- 

 ern point of the eastern part of Further India. 6. Cape Lopatka, the southern 

 point of Kamtschatka. 7. The East Cape or the Promontory of Tschuktschen, 

 the most eastern point of Asia. 9. Cape Taimura or Siwero Wastotschnoi, 

 the most northern point of Asia. 



The most extensive Plains and Deserts of Asia are : 1. The Desert of 

 Cobi, having in its centre a sandy tract of from 80 to 200 miles in breadth, 

 and 2500 feet high, called Schamo, or Hanhai, bordered to the north and soutli 

 by two rocky and elevated plains of about 3600 feet in height. 2. The great 

 Indian Desert of Scind, in Eastern India, 440 miles long, and 320 broad. 3. 

 The plateau of Iran. 4. The great Desert of Tartary. 5. The Syro- Arabian 

 Desert. The entire area of all these deserts is probably fully equal to that of 

 the whole of Europe. 



The Rivers of Asia emptying directly into the sea are : 



11 



