GEOGRAPHY. 25 



This monarch, in 330 A. D., divided his colossal dominions into four great pre- 

 fectures : Italy, Gaul, Illyria, and the East. Each of these was divided into 

 dioceses, which again were subdivided into provinces ; of these there were 117 

 in all. 



Ital\^ the First Prefecture, consisted of three dioceses : Italy with 

 Rome as its capital, Illyria Avith the capital Syrmium, and Africa with the 

 capital Carthage. The Diocese of Italy vras divided into three principal 

 portions, Gallia Cisalpina (Upper Italy, excepting Savoy, but including a 

 p.trt of the Tyrol, and of Middle Italy) ; Italy proper (Middle Italy), and 

 Gr^cia Magna (Lower Italy). In Cisalpine Gaid we have the provinces of 

 Carnia (now Friaul, with the towns of Tergestum, now Trieste ; Vedinum, 

 now Udine ; Aquileia) : Venetia (towns Patavium, now Padua ; Vicentia ; 

 Verona) ; Istria (Pola), Gallia Transjjadana (Brixia, now Brescia ; Cre- 

 mona ; Mantua ; Bergamum, now Bergamo ; Comum, now Como ; Medio- 

 lanum, now Milan ; Ticinum, now Pavia ; Augusta Taurinorum, now 

 Turin) ; Gallia Cispadana (Placentia, now Piacenza ; Parma ; Mutina, now 

 Modena ; Bononia, now Bologna ; Ravenna) ; Ligiiria (Genoa ; Lucca ; 

 Nicoea, now Nice). In Italy proper we have the following divisions : 

 1, Etruria, the present Tuscany, with a part of the Papal States (Pisa ; Sena 

 Julia, now Sienna ; Portus Herculis Libronis, now Livorno : Perusia, now 

 Perugia) ; 2, Umbria ( Ariminum, now Rimini ; Sena Gallia, now Sinigaglia ; 

 Urbinum Hortense, now Urbino) ; 3, Picerium (xVncona) ; 4, Sahiiia^ with 

 the provinces of the Marsi, Peligni, &c. ; 5, Laiijini (Rome ; Tusculum, 

 now Frascati ; Tibur, now Tivoli : Prseneste, now Palestrina ; Terracina 

 VelitrjTe, now Velletri ; Cajeta, now G«ta). Groicia Magiia^ or Lower Italy, 

 was divided into the following provinces ; 1, Ca?)ipania, noAv Terra di 

 Lavoro (Capua Neapolis, now Naples ; Herculaneum ; Pompeii ; Stabia ; 2. 

 the Land of the Picentini (Salernum, now Salerno) : 3, Sainniiun (Bene- 

 ventum) ; 4, Land of iJie Hirpini, and 5, of the Frentani ; 6, Lncania, now 

 Basilicata and Principato citra (Piestum and Sybaris, now "no longer in exist- 

 ence) ; 7, Bruttii, no^v Calabria (Rhegium, now Reggio) ; 8, Ap?dia (Venusia, 

 now Yenosa ; Barium, now Bari) ; 9, Messapia or Calabria (Brundusium, 

 now Brindisi : Ilydruntum, now Otranto ; Tarentum, now Taranto). Here 

 belong also the three great islands of Sicily (Messina ; Catania ; Toormina ; 

 Syracuse ; Agrigentum, now Girgenti ; Panorraus, now Palermo) ; Sardinia 

 (Calaris, now Cagliari) and Corsica. 



The Diocese of Illyria consisted of Illj^ria proper, or the east coast of the 

 Adriatic Sea (now Dalmatia, most of Bosnia, and a portion of the present 

 Croatia and Albania). Illyria was subdivided by the River Drilo into two 

 parts, Barbarian and Grecian Illyria, the latter of which, with the cities of 

 Durazzo and Albanoplis, was subsequently assigned to Macedonia ; Bar- 

 barian or Roman Illyria consisted of the provinces Japydia, Liburnia, 

 and Dalmatia. Pannonia, which included the eastern part of Austria, 

 Styria, Carinthia, and Carniola, the whole of Hungary between the 

 Danube and the Sau, Sclavonia, and parts of Croatia and Bosnia, was 

 divided into upper (or western) and lower (or eastern). Particular pro- 

 vinces were Interamnia between the Sau and the Drau, Ripensis or 



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