GEOGRAPHY. 27 



capital ; Tolosa, now Toulouse ; Massilia, now Marseilles ; Telo Martius, 

 now Toulon ; A relate, now Aries ; Geneva Valentia, now Valence). 

 Aquitania was divided into the three provinces, Novempopulana, Aquitania 

 Prima, and A. Secunda ; it embraced the districts of Gascony, Beam, 

 Auvergne, Guienne, Poitou (Burdigalia, now Bordeaux : Besunna, now 

 Perifoux ; Limonum, now Poitiers ; Avaricum, now Bruo-es). Gallia 

 Lugdunensis, previously Celtica, the largest of the four provinces, was 

 divided into the four lesser provinces, Lugdunensis Prima, Secunda, Tertia, 

 and Quarta, and included the provinces of Burgundy, Normandy, Brittany, 

 Champagne, Maine, Touraine, Anjou (Lugdunum, now Lyons ; Augusto- 

 dunum, now Autun ; Cabillonum, now Chalons on the Saone ; Lutetia 

 Parisiorum, now Paris ; Kotomagnus, now Rouen ; Genabum or Aurellanensis 

 Urbs, now Orleans ; Cresarodunum, subsequently Turoni, now Tours). In 

 conclusion, Gallia Belgica was divided into the five provinces, Belgica Prima 

 et Secunda, Germania Prima et Secunda, and Maxima Sequanorum ; it 

 embraced the present Lothringia, a portion of Champagne, Picardy, Belgium, 

 the left bank of the Rhine, southern Alsace, .Tranche-comtc, and v.estern 

 Switzerland. The most important towns embraced within these limits were 

 in the land of the Helvetii, Lacus Lausonius, now Lausanne ; Eburodurum, 

 now Yverdum ; Salodurum, noAV Solothurn (Soleure) ; Turicum, now 

 Zurich : in the land of the Sequani, their capital Yesontio, now Besangon ; 

 Tullum, now Toul, in the land of the Leuci ; Devodurum, now Metz, 

 principal town of the Mediomatrici ; Argentoratum, now Strasburg ; 

 Noviomagus, now Spires ; Mogontiacum, capital of Germania Prima or 

 Superior, now Mayence ; Borbeto Magnus, now Worms ; Augusta Treviro- 

 rum, capital of Belgica Prima, now Trier : Confluentcs, now Coblentz ; Colonia 

 Agrippina, now^ Cologne ; Bonna, now Bonn : in the country of the Batavi, 

 called Insula Batavorum ; Lugdunum, novr Leyden ; Arenacum, now Arnheim; 

 Noviodunum, now Nimwegen ; Traiectum, now Utrecht ; also Cortoriacum, 

 now Courtray ; Gesoriacum, subsequently Bononia, now Boulogne ; Samaro- 

 briva, now Amiens ; Csesaromagus, now Beauvais ; Noviodurum or Augusta 

 Suessonum, now Soissons ; Durocortorum or Remi, now Rheims ; Durocate- 

 launi or Catelauni, now Chalons sur Marne. 



The Diocese Hispania, including the present Spain and Portugal, was 

 divided by Augustus into three provinces : Bsetica, Lusitania, and Tarra- 

 conensis. To these Constantine added the four provinces, Galhiecia, 

 Carthaginiensis, Baleares, and Mauritania Tingitana in Africa. Bcetica 

 embraced the southern part of Spain, the present Andalusia, or the 

 provinces of Sevilla, Granada, and Cordova, the western half of Jaen, the 

 eastern part of the Portuguese province Alemtejo, and the southern part of 

 Estremadura (capital Hispalis, now Seville). Other towns are Gades, now 

 Cadiz ; Corduba, now Cordova ; Malaca, noAV Malaga. Lusitania, embraced 

 the greater part of Portugal, and the Spanish provinces Estremadura and 

 Salamanca (capital Augusta Emerita, now Merida ; also Ebora, now Evora ; 

 Olisipo, now Lisbon, Salmantica, now Salamanca). Hispania Tarra- 

 conensis, the largest province, included the present Navarre, Arragon, and 

 Catalonia, as also parts of Valencia and Castile : according to Pliny, it 



27 



