28 GEOGRAPHY. 



contains 179 cities (capital Cassaraugusta, now Saragossa ; Carthago Nova, 

 now Carthagena : Yalentia ; Tarraco, now Tarragon ; Barcino, now Barce- 

 lona ; Pompelon, now Pampelona). Gallcpchi embraced the Spanish province 

 of Galicia, the Portuguese province Entre Douro e Minho, and the western 

 part of Leon and Asturia, subsequently the whole of Asturia (principal toAvns, 

 Braga ; Brigantium, now Corunna). On the Balearic Islands (Major and 

 Minor, now Majorca and Minorca) we find the towns Palnia and Pollentia, now 

 Pollenza. 



Of the British Islands, B/ita/uiia and Hibernia, the former only, and of 

 that only the southern part of England, was in the possession of the Romans, 

 who divided it into two provinces, Britannia Superior and Inferior (Scotland 

 was known as Caledonia or Britannia Barbara). Four provinces were subse- 

 quentl}^ established : Britannia Prima, or the southern part ; B. Secunda 

 (Wales) ; Maxima Cagsariensis (the land between the Thames and the 

 Ilumber) ; and Flavia Ca^sariensis (the country north of the Humber to the 

 Roman wall) ; to these was subsequently added a more northern province of 

 Valentia. The principal towns of Roman Britain w^ere Londinum or London ; 

 Amenta, now Winchester ; Dunium, noAV Dorchester ; Camalodunum, Colches- 

 ter ; Lindum, now Lincoln ; Ratse, now Leicester ; Eboracum, now York ; 

 Luguvallum, now Carlisle, &c. 



The Third Prefecture of Illyricum (the eastern Illyria) included 

 all the country of Greece to the Danube, excepting Thrace and the true 

 Illyria ; it consisted of the Diocese of Macedonia (capital Thessalonica) and 

 Dacia. To the former belongs not only Macedonia proper, but also the 

 whole of Greece ; Macedonia proper being divided into two smaller provinces, 

 Macedononia Prima, including the coast, country, and the western mountain 

 region, and Macedonia Secunda or Salutaris. embracino; the northern mountain 

 region; the capital of the former was Thessalonica, now Salonica, that of the 

 latter, Stobi, now destroyed. Pella and Philippi are the only other towns 

 worth mentioning. 



Hellas, or Greece, was called Achaia by the Romans, and is naturally 

 divided into three great sections. 1. Northern Greece, in the north of the 

 isthmus of Corinth, and including the following provinces : 1. Thessalia, the 

 largest of all the Grecian pro\inces (towns, Pharsalia Larissa ; 2, Achar- 

 nania (towns, Ambracia, now Arta ; Actium) ; 3, jJitolia (Elseus, now 

 Missolonghi) : 4. Doris : 5, Locris (Amphissa, now Salona ; Naupactus, now 

 Lepanto) ; 6, Phocis (Delphi, now Castri) ; T, Boeotia (Theba?, now Thiva ; 

 Plat^a ; Leuctra ; Lebadea, now Lavadia : Chasronea ; Coronea, near the 

 present Granitza : 8, Attica (Athens, the capital of the kingdom of Greece, 

 with the three harbors, Pirc^sus. Munychia, and Phalerus) ; Megaris (Megara, 

 the only city now a village of the same name). There also belongs here 

 the province of Epirus, not included with Achaia (towns Buthrotum, now 

 Butrinto ; Nicopolis, now Prevesa ; Anion or Aulona, now Balona). II. 

 The Peninsula of Peloponnesus, subsequently called the Morea, and 

 embracing the following ten provinces : 1, Corinthia. (capital Corinth) ; 2, 

 Sicyonia (Sicyon) ; 3. Phliasia (Phlius) ; 4, Achaia (Patr^, now Patras) ; 5, 

 Elis (Elis) : 6, Messenia (Massene ; Corona, now Coron ; Methona, now 

 28 



