46 GEOGRAPHY. 



Dalecarlia ; 2, the Gothic dominion, divided into eastern, western, and 

 southern ; 3, Norrland or Nordland ; 4, Swedish Lapland ; 5, Finnland. 

 In addition to this, the crown held in Germany a portion of Pomerania, 

 with the island of Riigen, and Wismar, at present a town of Mecklenburg^. 



IX. The Russian Empire. The extent of this empire, in 1789, was much 

 less than at the present time, as it did not include the following countries : 

 Finnland, with a part of Lappland, Curland, Poland with Lithuania, 

 Volhynia with Podolia, Bessarabia, Moldavia east of Pruth, and the greater 

 part of the region of the Caucasus, It was divided into the following 

 sections : 1, St. Petersburg or Ingermannland ; 2, Riga or Livonia ; 3, Reval 

 or Esthonia ; 4, Wiburg or Carelia, with a part of Finnland ; 5, Olonetz ; 6, 

 Archangel; 7, Novogorod ; 8, Pleskow ; 9, Twer; 10, Jaroslau ; 11, Wologda; 

 12, Kostroma; 13, Wjatka ; 14, Perm; 15, Tobolsk; 16, Moscow; 17, 

 Tula; 18, Kaluga; 19, Smolensk or White Russia; 20, Polozk, and 21, 

 Mohilew (these two were taken from Lithuania in 1772) ; 22, Orel ; 23, 

 Novogorod-Sawersk ; 24, Tschernigow ; 25, Charkow ; 26, Kursk ; 27, 

 Woronesch ; 28, Rjasan ; 29, Wladimir ; 30, Tambow ; 31, Saratow ; 32, 

 Pensa ; 33, Nischnei-Novogorod ; 34, Simbirsk ; 35, Kasan ; 36, Ufa, with 

 the province of Orenburg ; 37, Koly wan ; 38, Irkutsk ; 39, Kiew ; 40, 

 lekaterinoslaw ; 41, Tauria or the Krimea; 42, Caucasus, consisting of the 

 provinces Caucasus (cap. Asow), and Astrachan. 



X. The Kingdom of Prussia (at one time a duchy, but a kingdom since 

 1701). This was divided into East and West Prussia, the latter consisting 

 of the portion of Poland ceded to Russia in 1772. 



XL The Republic or the Elective Monarchy of Poland was divided into 

 three principal portions : 1, Great or Lower Poland containing the Vayvode- 

 ships of Posen, Kalisch, Gnesen, Sieradz, Wielun, Rawa, Lenczyc, Brzesc, 

 Inowraclaw, and Dobrzin (these three formed the district Cujavier), Plock, 

 Masuren, also the town of Dantzig (almost entirely independent, however), 

 and Thorn ; 2, Lesser or Upper Poland, with the Vayvodeships of Cracow, 

 Sandomir, Lublin, Podlachia (capital Bielsk), Chelm, Volhynia (cap. Luck), 

 Podolia (cap. Kaminiec Podolski), Lithuania, and Kijow (part of the 

 Ukraine) ; 3, Grand Duchy Lithuania, consisting of Lithuania Proper 

 (cap. Wilna), Lithuanian Russia (Podlesia, Black Russia, and a part of 

 White Russia), and Samogitia. 



XII. The Duchy of Courland and Semgallia had its own duke, but was 

 subject to Poland. 



XIII. The Austrian Dominions beyond Germany and Italy were much as 

 at present, excepting that Galicia was smaller, and the greater part of 

 Dalmatia was wanting : 1, the kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria 

 (previously the principalities Halitsch and Wladimir, forming Red Russia, 

 and torn in 1772 from the Repiiblic of Poland) excepting Cracow, but 

 including Bukowina taken from the Turks in 1777 ; 2, kingdom of Hungary 

 with the kingdoms of Slavonia and Syrmia, Croatia and Dalmatia, 

 arranged in ten provinces ; Raab, Pesth, Neutra, Funfkirchen, Agram, 

 Grosswardein, Neusohl, Munkatsch, Kaschau, Temesch (Banat) ; 3, the 

 Croatian and Slavonian Military Limits ; 4, the Grand Duchy Siebenbiirgen. 



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