50 GEOGRAPHY. 



Suh'dimsions. I. Kingdom of Portugal with six provinces : 1 . Estre- 

 niadura, with 780,000 inhabitants, divided into the three circles, Lisbon, 

 Santarem, and Leira. Here is situated the capital city and royal residence, 

 Lisbon or Lisboa, on the right bank of the Tagus, with 260,000 inabitants. 

 2. Lower Beira, population 330,000. 3. Upper Beira, population 290,000 ; 

 circles, Coimbra, Aveiro, Lamego, Guarda. 4. Entre Minho e Douro, 

 population 1,300,000 ; circles, Porto, Braga, Viana. This province embraces 

 Porto or Oporto on the Douro, the second city in the kingdom, with 

 70,000 inhabitants. 5. Traz os Montes, population 300,000. Circles, 

 Villareal and Braganza. 6. Alentejo, population 280,000. Circles, Evora, 

 Baja, Portalegre. 



n. Kingdom of Algarve or ^iZ^flr^/fl, population 130,000. Capital Faro, 

 population 8000. 



in. The Azores, nine islands in all, with 214,000 inhabitants. 1. San 

 Miguel, population 90,000, capital Delgada. 2. Terceira, population 30,000, 

 capital Angra. 3. Pico, population 25,000, without any town. 4. Fayal, 

 population 25,000, capital Horta. 5. Santa Maria, population 6000. 6. S. 

 Jorge, population 12,000. 7, Graciosa, population 10,000. 8. Flores, 

 population 15,000. 9. Corvo, population 1000. 



Portugal owns the following islands, which, however, belong geographi- 

 (^ally to Africa. 1. Madeira, capital Funchal, and 2, Porto Santo, the two 

 with 116,000 inhabitants. 3. The ten islands of the Cape de Verdes, popu- 

 lation 70,000. 



The colonies of Portugal are : 1. In Africa, settlements on the west coast 

 (Guinea) with the island Bissago ; the islands of St. Thomas and do 

 Principe, with 20,000 inhabitants ; the islands of Mozambique on the east 

 coast, and the eleven Admiralty Islands. 2. In Asia : East Indies (coast of 

 Malabar), Goa, the towns of Diu and Damaun ; Macao, on the coast of 

 China, population 38,000, and the greater portion of Timor. 



2. Spain {Plate 21) 



Spain is situated between the parallels of 36° and 43° 46' N. lat., and 

 the meridians 3° 17' east and 9° 30' west from Greenwich. It is bounded 

 on the north by the Bay of Biscay and France, west by the Atlantic and 

 Portugal, south and east by the Mediterranean and Atlantic. The area 

 amounts to about 183,600 square statute miles. 



The interior of Spain is a highland of from 2000 to 3000 feet, traversed 

 by mountains, and separated by one grand range into a southern and 

 northern portion, the plateaus of New and Old Castile. About the highland 

 are districts of less elevation, also surrounded by mountains. A range of 

 mountains, about 360 miles in length, traverses the extrem , north of Spain, 

 the boundary between this country and France being lormed by a portion 

 of about two hundred miles in length, and known as the Pyrenees. The 

 western continuation of the Pyrenees cor-stitutes the Cantabrian Moun- 

 tains, to the west of which join on the Asturean. To the north-west, west 

 50 



