GEOGRAPHY. 65 



The European appendages of the United Kingdom are: 1. The Isle of 

 Man, in the channel between England and Ireland (chief town, Castletown). 

 2. The Norman Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, and Sark, not far 

 from the coast of France, pop. 60,000. 3. The island Helgoland, in the 

 North Sea, pop. 2300. 4. The Fortress of Gibraltar, in Spain, on the 

 Straits of Gibraltar. 5. The islands Malta, Gozzo, and Comino (see under 

 Italy). 



The foreign or extra-European possessions of England are of vast extent, 

 and are situated in all parts of the world. 1. In Asia: the island of 

 Ceylon, with 1,442,000 inhabitants ; the Chinese island of Hong-Kong ; the 

 island of Labuan ; the possessions of the East India Company, of which the 

 Punjaub contains over one hundred millions of inhabitants ; together with 

 the states under protection of the Company containing thirty milHons. 2. 

 In Africa: the Cape of Good Hope or the Cape Colony; the islands of 

 Mauritius, St. Helena, Ascension, and the Seychelles. Many possessions 

 on the west coast, as Sierra Leone, Gambia, &:c. 3. In America : a. 

 Canada, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Cape Breton, Prince Edward's 

 Island, all together with about 1,600,000 inhabitants, h. The northern 

 territories on Hudson's Bay, the Arctic Ocean, the Pacific, &c. c. Guiana. 

 d. Honduras, e. The West India Islands of Jamaica, Trinidad, Dominica^ 

 with the Bahamas. 4. In Australia, various immense territories. South and 

 West Austrab'a. New South Wales, Van Dieman's Land, as also the Falk- 

 land and New Zealand Islands. 



8. Denmark (Plate 19). 



Denmark, including Schleswig and the Duchy of Holstein, belonging to 

 the German alliance, but without reckoning Iceland and the Faroes, extends 

 from 53° 20' to 57° 441-' N. lat., and from 8° to 10° of longitude east of 

 Greenwich. The total area is about 22,000 miles, the greatest length about 

 280 miles, and greatest breadth 120. Denmark is bounded on the south by 

 Germany (Hanover, Hamburg, Mecklenburg Schwerin, Liibeck, and Olden- 

 burg) ; in all other directions, by the sea, the North Sea being to the west, 

 the Skagerrack to the north, the Cattesjat and Baltic to the east. 



There is nothing to be said wdth respect to any mountains and large 

 rivers of Denmark ; in their stead we find numerous bays and straits. The 

 Cattegat is connected with the North Sea by three straits : the Sund, the 

 Great Belt, and the Little Belt. The principal river of the peninsula of 

 Jutland is Guden, flowing towards the north-east ; the remaining rivers are 

 of slight importance, and flow towards the west. The elevated ridge in 

 the centre of Jutland in no place exceeds the height of five hundred feet 

 above the sea. The climate of Denmark is mild, the winters being much 

 less intense than those of Germany. The islands, with the Duchies of 

 Schleswig and Holstein, are quite fertile ; and agriculture, the rearing of 

 cattle, and the fisheries, are of much importance. The principal products 

 are horses, cattle, hogs, wild fowl, fish, oysters, lobsters, bees ; grain, rape 



ICO>rOGR\FHIC ENCYCLOPEDIA. — VOL. III. 5 6«"» 



