124 GEOGRAPHY. 



long, with forty-eight marble columns and many chapels; the immense new 

 Houses of Parliament, built in the Gothic style on a terrace along the Thames, 

 with the statue of Canning in front ; Westminster Hall; the Admiralty 

 Building; St. Martin's, St. Pancras', St. Stephen's, St. Ann's, St. George's, and 

 St. Margaret's Churches ; the British Museum, with a large library (3-400,000 

 vols., and 50,000 manuscripts), and one of the finest collections of Natural 

 History and of Art in the world ; the National Gallery in Trafalgar square, 

 461 feet long, and 56 feet broad ; the University Building, 430 feet long, 

 with chapel, library, and dining hall ; the Pantechnicon, 500 feet long, with 

 numerous shops ; the three principal theatres, Queen's Theatre or the 

 Italian Opera House, for 2400 persons, Covent Garden, and Drury Lane, 

 the latter capable of containing 3,000 spectators ; the Barracks of the 

 Guards. The finest private house is the palace of the Duke of Nor- 

 thumberland ; next to it comes Apsley House, the palace of the Duke 

 of Wellington, with those of Lords Marlborough, Bedford, Stafford, 

 Spencer, &c. 



Southwark, the southern part of London, inhabited, by the poorest and 

 humblest part of the population, has but few buildings of any note, besides 

 Lambeth House (residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury), and the 

 Queen's Bench (Court of Justice), with numerous prisons. Other portions 

 of London, arising from the incorporation of individual villages, lie to the 

 west, north, and east, about the city and Westminster. They may be 

 divided into three divisions or parishes : Holborn, including Marylebone, 

 Paddington, and Pancras, and called West End, from lying west of the 

 city ; Finshury, north of the city, with Clerkenwell, Finchley, Islington, 

 &c. ; Tower Hamlets, east of the city, and therefore called East End, with 

 Bethnal Green, Hackney, Limehouse, Shoreditch, Stratford, Stepney, 

 Spitalfields, Wapping. On the south bank of the Thames lie also Lambeth, 

 Battersea, Camberwell, Clapham, Wandsworth, Rotherhithe. (fee, which 

 together constitute the Brixton division. 



Six bridges cross the Thames for the purpose of accommodating the 

 northern and southern parts of the city. These are, from west to 

 east: 1, the iron Yauxhall Bridge, 861 feet long, with nine • arches ; 

 2, Westminster Bridge, 1223 feet long, 48 feet broad, with 14 piers ; 3, the 

 superb Waterloo Bridge of dressed granite, 1248 feet long, with 9 large 

 arches ; 4, Blackfriars' Bridge, 995 feet long, with 9 arches ; 5, the iron 

 Southwark Bridge, with three arches, the middle one of which has a 

 span of 240 feet ; 6, London Bridge, 928 feet long, 52 feet broad, with five 

 arches. To the east, there is the Tunnel, constructed by Brunei in 1824-42, 

 between Rotherhithe and Wapping, 1300 feet long, 34 ieet beneath the bed 

 of the river, divided into vaulted galleries, 13f feet broad, and 16 J feet high 

 each. 



The most frequented promenades are : 1, St. James's Park, with a 

 beautiful gate of marble, and the equestrian statue of George IV. ; 2, 

 Green Park ; 3, Hyde Park, reaching to Kensington, 395 acres in extent, 

 with a statu/e of Achilles eighteen feet high, and one of Wellington on a 

 pedestal 150 feet high; 4, Regent's Park, 360 acres, newly laid out, in the 

 124 



