134 



GEOGRAPHY. 



Of these there are 517 in all, thirty-six of them large ; conspicuous among 

 them is the Hagia Sofia, or the former church of St. Sophia, built by the 

 Emperor Justinian in 538. It is 270 feet long, with a magnificent dome, 

 and 170 columns of marble, granite, &c. Also the Mosque Suleimanje, 

 built in 1550, and a masterpiece of oriental architecture, with thirteen 

 domes ; the Mosque Ahmedidje, with six domes (all other mosques having 

 but four). In addition to these, Constantinople lias 24 Greek, 9 Roman 

 Catholic, and three Armenian Churches, 183 Hospitals, 101 Cafes, 9 Insane 

 Asylums, 130 Public Baths, 40 Khans or houses of refreshment, &c. The 

 most important bazaar is the labyrinthine Jeni Bazaar, in the middle of the 

 city. The only noteworthy public square is the Atmeidan, 250 paces 

 long, inclosed by pillars, and with an obelisk sixty feet high ; this was 

 formerly a circus for races. Of the seven aquedticts, two date back as far 

 as the Grecian times ; as also the two colossal cisterns, of which one, 

 entirely in disuse, contains 672 marble pillars, and the other 336. Of the 

 sixteen suburbs, the most important are Pera, the residence of the foreign 

 embassies, and of many European merchants ; and Galata, both separated 

 from the town itself by the bay ; Tophana ; Hassan or Kassim Pasha ; Fanar 

 or Fanal, at the point of the bay, where dwell most of the Greeks, hence called 

 Fanariotes. Scutari, on the Asiatic side, separated from Constantinople by 

 the Bosphorus, is also to be looked upon as a suburb. 



Explanation of the Plan. 



A. 



Seraglio of the Sultan. 



17. 



Old Seraglio. 



B. 



Former quarter of the Janissaries. 



18. 



Mosque Suleimanje. 



C. 



Quarter of the Armenians. 



19. 



Coffee Houses. 



D. 



The Blachernes. 



20. 



Hospital. 



E. 



Quarter of the Franks. 



21. 



Mosque Khalilzade. 



1. 



Mosque of Aja Sofia. 



22. 



Former barracks of the Janissaries, 



2. 



Church of St. Irene. 



23. 



Laleii-dschamisi. 



3. 



The Atmeidan, with the Mosque 



24. 



Mosque of Sultana Valide. 





of Achmed. 



25. 



Custom House. 



4. 



First Court of the SeragUo. 



26. 



New Imaret. 



5. 



Second Court of the SeragUo. 



27. 



Budrun-dschamisi. 



6. 



Imperial Treasury. 



28. 



Mosque Achmed Hissar. 



7. 



Summer Harem ^ ^ , 

 Txr- TT 1 01 the 

 Wmter Harem V 



29. 



" Daud Pasha. 



8. 



30. 



Hekim OghH. 



9. 



Marble Kiosk ) ^"''^"- 



31. 



Mustafa. 



10. 



Vizier's Seraglio. 



32. 



" Ismail Pasha. 



11. 



Mosque of Sultan Osman. 



33. 



Mosques and Houses of Prayer. 



12. 



Mosque of Sultan Bajazed. 



34. 



Column of Arcadius. 



13. 



School Building. 



35. 



Mosque of Mohammed and Tawk- 



14. 



leni Khan. 





hane Hospital. 



15. 



Khan of the Sultana Valide. 



36. 



Meidan dschamisi Seraglio. 



16. 



Other Khans. 

 134 



37. 



Mosque of Selim. 



