ETHNOLOGY OF THE lliESENT DAY. 127 



the Arab. The Cabylcs, that is the Berbers, in Alt^iers and Tunis {pi. 1, 

 Jigs. 8 and 9), likewise belong here. The^^ arc also denominated Us/ichnlis, 

 i. e. inhabitants of the mountains, by the people of the Arabian-Moorish 

 cities ; in Tunis they are also called Siiaves. They arc a handsome race of 

 men, allied in their manners to the Bedouins. 



The Hindoos (jig. (), a Hindoo of the citizen class) have a stature of mod- 

 erate size, or below the medium ; their complexion is yellow, with a tinge of 

 bronze color. Their form is delicate and slender ; the nose straiglit and 

 handsomely moulded, never flattened down, never with widespread nostrils ; 

 the mouth is of moderate size, the lips are thin, the chin round and usually 

 dimpled, the eyes large, with arched eyebrows and long eyelashes. Tlie 

 iris is generally black, the white of the eye passes into yellow : ears 

 of moderate size and beautifully formed : hands and feet small ; skin 

 thin ; hair long, black, fine, and glossy ; beard scanty, except on the upper 

 lip. 



The Neio Zealanders, w-ho belong to the Australo-Caucasian stock, 

 and one of whom is represented at Jig. 22, we shall treat of more fullj 

 hereafter. 



The stocks represented at jigs. 10 — 13 belong to the Mongolian race. 

 The Calmucs {jig. 10, a Calmuc in war equipments) have usual]}' thin, 

 lean limbs, a slender body, and a short neck. Their pre-eminently 

 characteristic feature, however, consists of the obliquely' placed eyes, 

 whose inner corner descending to the nose, is a little open and fleshy. 

 The eyebrows are black, thin, and form low arches ; the nose is generally 

 flattened and depressed towards the forehead ; the cheek bones project in 

 front ; head and face are round, lips thick and fleshy, chin short, teeth very 

 "white, remainino; beautiful and sound to an advanced asre. The ears are 

 very large, and project. The peculiarities of the skull of the Mongo- 

 lian race are, the globular form of the cranium, the flatness and width 

 both of the forehead and face, and the boldness of the arches of the 

 temporal bones. The orbits of the eyes are large, but the superciliary 

 arches are not well defined. The alveolar process is obtusely arched 

 in front, and the chin somewhat projecting. The Chinese also {fig. 11) 

 are of Mongolian origin ; at least Davis supposes, that in ancient times 

 a colony from India settled in China, and mingled with the aborigines 

 and rude Mongols. The small eye, elliptical at its nasal angle, is peculiar 

 to the Chinese as well as the Tartars ; both also have the same pointed 

 chin and prominent cheek bones. Their color is more or less brownish 

 yellow^, according as the people are exposed to the influence of the climate ; 

 limbs well proportioned, but the head large ; beard weak ; hair straight, 

 smooth, coarse, and alwavs black. To the Mon^i^olian race belonir also 

 many tribes which inhabit the wilds of Siberia, northwards from the 

 Altaian chain to the coast of the Arctic Ocean ; the inhabitants of Corea, 

 Kamschatka, and the adjacent Aleutian Islands ; the Tungusians, Samoyedes, 

 and Ostiaks, as well as the Greenlanders and Esquimaux of North America. 

 At jig. 12, we give a representation of a Samoyedy and at Jig. 13, one of 

 an Esquimaux. The hair of the Samoyedes is long, harsh, and black ; the 



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