ETHNOLOGY OF THE PllERENT DAY. I35 



apron, light blue petticoat with a dark border, and over the Avhite bodice pass 

 pink ribands. The black cap, Avhich covers the hinder part of the head only, 

 is tied under the chin Avith broad ribands of the same color. 



PL 2, Jig. 12. An Upper Bavarian woman of the citizen class, distin- 

 guished by the head-dress, the short bodice adorned with chains and coins, 

 and a pocket with a clasp attached to the side. 



Figs. 13 and 14 represent women of Dachau, in Upper Bavaria, having 

 peculiar black lace caps, with large bows of riband above, and surrounded 

 by a "broad red riband. The jacket of the one is very short, red, with a 

 white cuifs and border : around the neck is worn a black riband with a 

 shining metal clasp ; chains and coins likewise adorn the bodice ; the petti- 

 coats hanging in long folds are black, bordered with red, and the aprons 

 blue. 



Fig. 15. A man from Lake Schlier, in Upper Bavaria, with the sugarloaf 

 hat of the inhabitants of the Alps, the brim, however, being small. The 

 short grey coat is turned up with green, and the short black breeches are also 

 trimmed with green. The stockings extend only to the ankles, as the shoes 

 w^orn in the Alps cover the bare feet. 



The Hessians. Arnch, in his " Essay upon the Comparative History of 

 Nations," describes the Hessians in the following manner : '' The oppo- 

 site of the Thurin(]^ian is his neio-hbor the Hessian, the descendant of the 

 ancient Catti, who occupies Lower Hesse of the present time, betAveen the 

 Taunus and Rhon mountains on the south and east, and the bend of the 

 Weser, where the Fulda Hows into that rivei-, the district of Fulda, the 

 greater part of Nassau and Waldeck, and a portion of Paderborn. The 

 Hessian of the present day, and the inhabitants of Nassau and of Fulda, 

 as well as the Friesian of the coasts of the North Sea, and the Saxon of 

 Westphalia, of the Weser and Leine, as flir as the western Hartz, have 

 preserved their Germanic purity from all foreign admixture. The Hessian 

 bears the stamp of his purely German extraction in his marked traits of 

 character and peculiar manners, which still call to mind the description of 

 Tacitus. He is nicknamed the blind Hessian. This word blind, however, 

 denotes no defect, but a fixed, firm, immovable manner, Avhich is subject 

 to no changes and variations ; it indicates the quiet, firm courage, with 

 which the Hessian with his eyes open, as another with them shut, goes to 

 meet danger and death. Tacitus highly extols the valor and military skill 

 of the Catti, in which they were distinguished above all their countrymen 

 and neighbors. A gravity and tranquillity of manner altogether peculiar 

 marked these splendid men. Nowhere in Germany are the men so little 

 inquisitive and- talkative." Arndt, however, considers the Hessians here 

 only in their narrowest limits ; by extending the boundaries, we find that 

 the Franconian stock predominates, comprehending also the Lower Saxon 

 and Thuringian. French and Netherlanders have also come in amon» 

 them. In Electoral Hesse, the Franconian stock is spread over Upper 

 Hesse, the greater part of Lower Hesse, and over Fulda and Hanau ; the 

 Lower Saxon is spread over the circles Hofgeismar and Schaumburg, and 

 the greater part of the circle Wolfshagen ; the Thuringian is found in the 



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