ETUNOLOGY OF THE TRESENT DAY. 233 



In eating and drinking the Egyptians are temperate, and the meals of the 

 rich and eminent are as simple as those of the poor. Much attention is 

 paid to the cleanliness of the person, especially by the women. Superstition 

 and sensuality, on the other hand, prevail everywhere. The Egyptians are 

 described also as covetous, hypocritical, treacherous, thievish, cowardly, 

 and lazy. On the whole, their customs and usages resemble those of the 

 Osmanlis. {PL 27, jigs. 1 and 3, Egyptian Fellahs and Bedouins ; fig. 2, 

 dances and tents of the same ; figs. 4 and 5, Arabian caravan in Egypt ; 

 pi. VS,fig. 1, m, head-dress of a Coptish patriarch ; ti, of a Coptish priest ; 

 0, of an Egyptian ; p, of an Egyptian camel driver ; d, of the people of 

 Cairo. Fl. 26, fig. 7, woman of quality of Cairo; pi. 27, fig. 6, a wedding 

 at Cairo.) 



The Berbers, 



The Berbers, who call themselves, however, Amazirgh, that is to say, 

 "Noble," " Free," are the true descendants of the most ancient inhabitants 

 of Mauritania, Numidia, and Libya, or Moghrib (West), the name applied 

 by the Arabs to northern Africa. Their territory extends from the high 

 west bank of the Nile, and the range of oases running along the west side 

 of Egypt, to the coast of the Atlantic Ocean ; and from the shore of the 

 Mediterranean Sea and the heights of the Atlas Mountains to the southern 

 border of the Great Desert. They belong to the Semitic stock, but are 

 divided into numerous tribes with different dialects : 1. Tamazirgt, includ- 

 ing Berbers or Amazirghs proper, Skelloochees or Shillooks ; 2. Showi, 

 i. e. the Berbers of Algiers and Tunis, also called Kahyles and Zuaves ; 

 3. the inhabitants of Wadreag and Wurgela, or Wagela, who speak the 

 Ezegiah dialect ; 4. the Beni-Mozah, including the Berber hordes of 

 Mozahis, Bisearies, Wadreagans, and TVurgelans, dwelling within the 

 confines of ancient Gcetulia, and intermixed with Bedouin Arabs ; 5. the 

 Tuariks, inhabitants of the great Desert of Sahara, who speak the Tergia 

 dialect. 



The Negroes. 



The Ethiopian stock (Negro race) live in the districts extendincr 

 from the southern edge of the Desert of Sahara to the Cape of Good 

 Hope ; and thus, properly speaking, inhabit the whole of central and 

 southern Africa. They exhibit many different shadings, as well in external 

 form as in habits. The physical attributes among the African nations, 

 according to Prichard, have an evident relation to their moral and social 

 condition, and to the different degrees of barbarism or civilization in which 

 they live. Tribes in which the Negro type is developed in a very high 

 degree, are uniformly in the lowest grade of human society ; they are either 

 ferocious savages, or present themselves to us as stupid, sensual, and indo- 



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