246 HISTORY AND ETHNOLOGY. 



grade with the rest of the inhabitants of the Cape, and are no longer bought 

 and sold ; but they are always treated in the harshest manner by their 

 masters, never receive the clothing and better food of slaves, and are 

 employed for work for which the latter are considered too good. Thus 

 they are sent, for instance, as keepers with the herds of their masters, into 

 sections of the country where life is placed in jeopardy, and where they 

 are not unfrequently torn to pieces by lions. The moral condition of the 

 nation is, in general, improved, and they endeavor to provide a better 

 education for their children than was formerly given. When, in the year 

 1829, a tract of their land was restored to a few Hottentots (about 250 

 men capable of bearing arms, with their families), the pursuit of agriculture 

 was commenced by them with such zeal and attention, that many soon 

 rose from the most pinching poverty to tolerable wealth. The neighboring 

 tribes of the CafFres, who in the beginning manifested hostility, finally 

 entered into friendly relations wjth them ; and as more and more of their 

 own countrymen obtained permission to join them, their number rose at 

 last to 4000 souls, 700 of whom were armed with guns. Virtue, industry, 

 and temperance now increased amongst the Hottentots, and at the present 

 time they appear to be subjects of the most loyal and peaceable character. 



The inhabitants of the East Coast of South Africa, from Inhambane to 

 the equator, differ from the CafFres in external formation, but as far as 

 language is concerned, are nevertheless to be included with them. On the 

 coast of Mozambique are, the Maquas (Makwanos), the Madsfiowyin (per- 

 haps synonymous with Mongas or Mondshus), the Mtshauva, the Mnichem- 

 pani, the Mlomoi, and more in the interior the Maravis. Round about 

 Delagoa Bay dwell the Ma-Puta (La-Puta), Mafumo, MattoII, and Temhy, 

 nations mixed up of Caflfres and Negroes. On the Zambese River, in the 

 interior of South Africa, are the very savage Mumhos ; and nearer the 

 coast, the Zimhas or Mazimhas ; both said to be nations of cannibals. 

 Northwardly from the Maquas, upon the coast of Zanzibar, from Magadoxa 

 to the vicinity of Mombasa, are the Mohammedan Souhaili, or Sowahili. 



The tribes of the highlands of the interior, the Beshuanas or Bichuanas, 

 are subdivided into numerous branches ; and separated from them by a 

 great desert and on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean, live the Damaras. 

 North of the Beshuanas, in the district watered by the Zambese or Cuanna, 

 are the Macarouga ; north and north-west of these the Bororas {Maravis) ; 

 next follow the Mowiza ; and besides those mentioned, the Mucamango, 

 Mutshiva, Monomoezi, and Wamhungo, are particular tribes. 



Upon the elevated region of the interior portion of East Africa, is the 

 savage and numerous nation of Gallas ; of browner complexion, and with 

 long black hair. Akin to them appear to be the Dankali and Sumali, living 

 to the east of the Gallas ; as also the Shohos, who inhabit the eastern decli- 

 vity of the Abyssinian highlands towards Massua, and the neighboring 

 mountain districts. The Dokos are a very savage race, scarcely four feet 

 in height ; their complexion is dark olive ; and in customs and habits they 

 stand in the lowest of all grades of civilization. They are in no way allied 

 to the Gallas. 

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