58 MILITARY SCIENCES. 



only from year to year, and of such strength alone as parliament permit. 

 Should the appropriations not be made for the new year, then the army must 

 be dissolved. In England, no form of conscription exists, but there is only 

 voluntary enlistment for bounty-money, at first for seven years. Each 

 regiment has its recruiting district. The punishments are very severe, 

 and corporal chastisement is yet practised. Officers' commissions, as high 

 as a lieutenant colonelcy, are purchasable, and the established price for a 

 lieutenant colonelcy in the foot-guards is 7,250 pounds sterling, and so down 

 to the ensigncy, which costs 1,200 pounds. In the line, the price of the same 

 commissions is 4,500 and 450 pounds, but these places are often purchased 

 much higher. To guard against abuses, various restrictions are imposed, 

 and the king appoints to the places vacated by death. We refer here only 

 to the European army of Great Britain. 



The general staff consists of 6 field-marshals, 90 generals, 106 lieutenant 

 generals, and 216 major generals. All officers included, there are twenty- 

 three soldiers to one officer. The commissioned officers are 7,532 in 

 number; the non-commissioned, 28,000. PI. 21, lower ^g-. 1, is a general 

 of infantry. Uniform : red, with blue, richly embroidered collar and cuffs ; 

 golden sash and epaulettes ; ha*t with yellow agraffe and white plumes ; 

 shabrack and holsters, purple velvet and gold ; head-gear red, richly stitched 

 with gold. 



The infantry consists of: 1. Three regiments infantry of the guard, the 

 Grenadier guards having 26, the Coldstream and 3d regiment having 16 

 companies of 45 to 90 men each. The infantry have bayonet-muskets, and 

 the bayonet in its sheath on the left side, how er Jig. 2 shows an officer of 

 the grenadier guards. Uniform : red, with blue collar and cuffs, the collar 

 richly embroidered w^ith gold, and with the star of the Order of the Garter, 

 the cuff with gold flaps ; white skirt facings and white pantaloons. Red 

 silk sash ; rather straight sabre ; full gold epaulettes ; bear-skin cap, with 

 gold tassel; white tuft and red top, with the star of the Garter. Yellow 

 buttons; white baldric, with plate and star over the right shoulder, in 

 which the sabre is carried. 2. 100 regiments of infantry, each regiment 

 of 10 companies, save the 68th, which has 20. Six regiments of these are 

 Highlanders, eight light, and four fusilier regiments. Lower Jig. 3 is an 

 officer of the 75th regiment (grenadier). Red uniform, with white collar 

 and cuffs, the collar with embroidered lace ; the cuffs with red flaps, 

 edged with white. Yellow buttons ; instead of epaulettes, gold wings. Red 

 silk sash, white baldric, with gold plate ; bear-skin cap, like the guards ; 

 pantaloons white. Arms : a rather straight sabre. Fig. 4, officer, and 

 Jig. 10, private of infantry. Red uniform, with yellow collar, cuffs, flaps, 

 and buttons ; full gold epaulettes, collar standing, shako with gold plate, 

 gold cap-cord, and white feather plume ; dark red sash, and white panta- 

 loons. The sabre is suspended from a white baldric with a gold plate, 

 over the right shoulder. Fig. 5, officer of the 9th light infantry regiment. 

 Uniform : red, with yellow cuffs and collar, laced, and with red flaps ; 

 instead of epaulettes, gold wings on the shoulders ; dark red silk sash ; 

 white pantaloons ; black shako, with gold plate, and pompon without cap- 

 .534 



