94 MILITARY SCIENCES. 



The Military Medal of Honor (j^^. 3) was established by Max Joseph in 

 1794, for the military, from the rank of sergeant major and sergeant 

 downwards, who had distinguished themselves by bravery, and was distri- 

 buted in gold and silver. The silver medal brought the possessor an 

 addition of half, the gold medal of full pay, which remained to them even 

 in case they passed afterwards into the rank of officer. The medal displays 

 on one side the bust of the founder, on the other the royal arms, held by 

 a lion armed with a sword, and the circumscription, Der Tapferheit 

 (to bravery). The medal is worn upon the breast, from a black ribbon with 

 white and blue border. 



The Decoration of the Army Hospital Corps {pJ. 31, jig. 4) was esta- 

 blished in 1812, by Max Joseph, for the surgeons who had been particularly 

 efficient in the field hospital and on the field of battle. The decoration 

 consists of a gold or silver medal, which has on one side the bust of the 

 founder, and on the other, in a laurel- wreath, the inscription, Ob milites 

 inter prcelia et arte et virtute servatos, and is worn at the breast from a 

 black ribbon with white and blue border. 



Kingdom of Saxony. The Military Order of St. Henry {fig. 5) 

 was founded on the 7th November, 1736, at Hubertusburg, by King 

 Augustus III., for military merit ; in 1829 it received new statutes from 

 King Anthony. It consists of Grand Crosses, Commanders of the first and 

 second classes, and Knights. The badge of the Order is a gold Maltese 

 cross with white enamelled border. In the centre is a white enamelled 

 round shield, and in this the Emperor Henry, standing, in full costume, 

 and the letters S. H. In the blue border stands, Frid. Aug. D. G. Rex 

 Sax. instauravit. The reverse displays, in the central fieldj the arms of 

 Saxony, and in the blue border the words, Virtuti in hello. The four 

 angles of the cross contain parts of the Saxon lozenge-crown. This badge 

 is of three sizes. Grand Crosses wear it from a hand-broad sky-blue ribbon 

 with yellow border, en echarpe, from right to left, and on the left breast an 

 octagonal star of gold rays, in whose centre is the round shield of the cross 

 (Emperor Henry), with the circumscription Virtuti in hello on a blue 

 ground. Commanders of the first class wear a smaller cross, en sautoir, 

 and the star, but of smaller size (3 inches), on the breast ; Commanders of 

 the second class only the cross. Knights wear the smallest cross, from a 

 ribbon 1^ inches broad, at the breast. The Knights advance through the 

 classes. A fifth class of this Order is formed by 



The Medal of Military Merit {fig. 6), established in 1796, for non-com- 

 missioned officers and privates. This is given in gold and silver, displays 

 on one side the bust of the founder, and on the other, in a laurel- wreath 

 and flag, the words, Verdienst um das Vaterland (Service to the cOuntry)j 

 and is worn at the breast from a ribbon one inch wide, sky-blue with yellow 

 border. 



Kingdom of Hanover. The Guelphic Order {figs. 7, 8) was founded in 



1815 by George IV., at that time Prince Regent of England, and was then 



divided into three classes, Grand Crosses, Commanders, and Knights. The 



badge of the order is a Maltese cross of dead gold with polished edges, set 



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