WARFARE OF MODERN TIMES. 101 



was established in 1819 for those who had fought through the above men- 

 tioned campaigns in the army of Koihen without reproach. It is of iron, 

 and has on one side, over two oak branches, the inscription, Den Vater- 

 landsvertheidigern, 1813, 1814, 1815 ; and on the other the name-cypher of 

 Duke Louis, over two laurel branches and under a crown. The numbers 

 change according to the campaigns made. The medal is worn from a half 

 white half leaf green ribbon. 



Duchij of Anhalt- Dessau. The Cross for Volunteers of 1813-15 (Jig. 35). 

 As early as 1815, the volunteers of Anhalt-Dessau were permitted to wear, 

 as a distinction, a green ribbon with deep red and white border ; in the year 

 1823 a bronze cross was added to this, having on one side the inscription, 

 Anhalt's tapfern Kriegern (to the brave warriors of Anhalt), 1813, 1815; 

 and on the other a ducal crown, with the letters L. F. Franz, H. u. A. The 

 four quarters of a green laurel wreath lie between the arms of the cross. 



France. Order of the Legion of Honor {pi. 32, Jig. 1). The first 

 institution of this falls in the year 1802 (2d May), and the order has 

 maintained itself through all storms and revolutions to the present time, 

 but the decoration has undergone occasional changes. The number of 

 Grand Crosses amounts to 80, Grand Officers 140, Commanders 400, 

 Officers 2000 ; the number of Knights is unlimited. The bestowal of the 

 order is restricted by very exact conditions. The badge of the Order is a 

 white enamelled, gold, five armed Maltese cross, with gold balls at the 

 points. In the golden central field is the bust of Henry IV. within a blue 

 border, the inscription, Henri IV., and two laurel twigs. The central 

 shield of the reverse displays a stand of French colors, and in the blue 

 margin the circumscription, Honneur et patrie. The cross lies on a green 

 enamelled wreath, half of laurel, half of oak leaves, and over it is a crown. 

 The order is of two sizes ; the smaller is for the officers : the Knights have 

 a star, on the central field of which all is of silver which for the officers is 

 of gold. The Grand Crosses wear the order en echarpe from right to left, 

 from a broad red ribbon, and with it, on the left breast, a silver embroidered 

 star, which is formed like the order, but has a silver central shield with the 

 gold bust, and a gold margin with the inscription, Honneur et patrie. 

 Instead of wreaths there are stands of tricolored flags in the angles. The 

 Grand Officers wear the order en sautoir, and the star ; Commanders, only 

 the order en sautoir ; Officers and Knights, the order at the breast. 



The Cross of July {pi. 32, Jig. 2) was instituted on the 30th December, 

 1830, by Louis Philippe, in remembrance of the days of July. It is a three- 

 armed silver Maltese cross ; the round central shield has three bands of 

 blue, white, and red in succession, with, on one side, in the red band, the 

 words, Patrie et liherte, in the blue, a gold field, with the Gallic cock, and 

 on the other side, in the red band, the words, Donne par le Roi des Fran- 

 gais ; in the blue, 27, 28, 29 Juillet; and in the white, 1830. The cross is 

 surrounded by an oak wreath (green enamelled), and hangs by this from a 

 mural crown. The riband from which the cross is worn at the breast 

 is royal blue, with red border. 



Kingdom of Great Britain. The Order of St. Michael and St. George 



ICONOGRAFHIC ENTYCLOPJSDIA. — VOL. III. 37 577 



