MILITARY ENGINES. 127 



and arms, dd, are attached to the supports, cc. The cushioned seat is at the 

 same time the cover of the Hmber box, in which the most necessary muni- 

 tions are carried ; at C stands another box for implements. The English 

 limber {fig- 19) has no sweep bar, and the pintle hook, a, is on the axle-tree 

 bed. The axle, DD, is of iron, and the wheels, CC, are as high as those of 

 the carriage (5 feet). Instead of one large limber box there are here two 

 smaller ones, A A, which are not screwed down upon the bed, but only 

 lashed to it firmly, whereby great facility is given for the renewal of muni- 

 lions, n. 36, jig. 31, shows an English 6-pounder field-piece, limbered up 

 and completely equipped. The gun boxes stand here upon the axle-tree 

 of the piece. The French limber {pL 38, Jig. 10) has likewise for block car- 

 riages no sweep bar, but only a pintle hook, otherwise a limber bolster and 

 pintle bolt. The limber box occupies the whole breadth between the 

 wheels, and has high handles at each end, which serve also for the artil- 

 lerists to hold on by. 



h. Wagons. For the transportation of mortars and 24-pound guns, as 

 these cannot be transported upon their carriages, the gun-wagon {chariot 

 a port corps) is employed. For cannon these have only three sleepers on 

 the frame, under the muzzle, trunnions, and breech, the middle one having 

 trunnion beds closed with cap squares ; the piece is lashed besides. Small 

 mortars remain on their beds, and two of them are transported on the 

 wagon ; the large mortar requires a wagon to itself PI. 37, fig. 9, is a 

 gun-wagon for a Saxon 30-pound mortar. Upon the common, stout wagon, 

 A, with four wheels, C, lies the frame, B, upon which, over the hind-axle- 

 tree, the mortar bed, D, is fast lashed. For the mortar, E, wooden trun- 

 nion beds are fitted, which are closed with cap squares ; the mortar itself 

 is also strongly lashed. 



Ammunition wagons (caissons) serve for the transportation of a certain 

 quantity of munitions, and each piece has one, each howitzer two of these, 

 belonging to it. For most artillery this species of wagon is constructed as 

 shown in pi. 38, where ^^. 11 is the side Yiew, fig. 12 the upper view, and 

 fig. 13, the rear view of a French 4-pounder caisson. The fore wagon, B, 

 consists of the guides, m m, with the sweep-bar, n, the pole, r, and the axle, 

 /, bearing the bolster, b, for the frame, a d, which rests on the hind axle, y, 

 by means of the bolster, L, and the axle-tree bed, e. Fore and hind wagon 

 are connected by the perch. From the frame hangs the drag-chain, c c. 

 Upon the shaft rests the splinter-bar with the swingle-trees, jo. The wheels, 

 g h and D, run upon iron arms. On the frame-tie, d, and in a loop, z, 

 under the bolster, rests the axle arm, x, on which a spare wheel is carried. 

 Upon the frame is secured, by bolts, q, the ammunition chest. A, the cover 

 of which is lined with iron plates. Entrenching tools and other materiel 

 are transported in wagons of the same kind. Entirely similar to these 

 caissons is the battery wagon. The new French caissons {pi. 38, fig. 14, 

 side view, ^§". 15, rear view, ^o-. ]6, upper view of the fore wagon) are 

 designed for the transportation of men also. The fore wagon is in all 

 respects like a limber, and is connected with the hind wagon by means of a 

 perch without a sweep-bar and shaft, upon which stand two chests in all 



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