74 NAVAL SCIENCES. 



names as before ; the forward part is called the forecastle, the after part 

 the quarter deck, and the passages on each side at the centre the gang- 

 ways. In the deck here represented we find the cabin " ["], called the 

 lower or main cabin. It resembles an elegant parlor, receiving its light 

 through glass w^indows in the stern. In time of action, these are replaced 

 by frames covered with fine painted wire. The port-holes on this part of 

 the deck are also furnished with windows. On each side of the entrance 

 to the cabin is a small room for keeping eatables and other stores.. 



The forward wall and the side partitions in general are movable and 

 consist of lattice frames covered with linen, and are taken down on the 

 commencement of an action. In English men-of-war these partitions are 

 often of wood, but so constructed as to be easily removed. The cabin is 

 finished in a style of great elegance and tastefully painted, and even the 

 cannon have such a splendid exterior that one is tempted to regard them |s 

 martial ornaments. There is sometimes a difference in the arrangement, 

 as after the upper cabin is finished the admiral or other high dignitary on 

 board takes his choice, and the remaining one is partitioned off as quarters 

 for the officers or their personal suite. The sleeping room of the com- 

 mander-in-chief ^^ [^^], if he has his quarters in the main cabin, is between 

 that and the second cabin. The church " [*^] is a large room running across 

 the deck, which is separated by a sail-cloth curtain from the poop and the 

 other portions of the deck. Divine service is held in this room, and at the same 

 time it is used as an armory and as a mess-room for the officers. A hatch to 

 the lower deck ^^ ["]. This is only made use of during a battle. The upper 

 capstan" [^°] serves as a support for the main capstan, with which it is con- 

 nected. The stairs to the quarter deck '' ["]. The after hatch '' [*']. The 

 main cross-pieces ^° [^*]. When the ship is at sea, some spare spars are placed, 

 one end on the cross-piece of the belaying pins and the other on the fore- 

 castle, while other spars are laid crosswise with their ends on the gangways, 

 forming a frame for the long boat and some of the cutters. The main 

 hatch " [*^], through which all barrels and other parts of the ship's lading are 

 lowered into the hold. A hatch with two ladders ^^ [^"J, leading to the lower 

 deck. The forwai^d hatch ^^ [^^] is over that of the lower deck, so that each 

 leads to the forward part of the hold. The caboose or galley^'" [^^J is a small 

 room under the forecastle, containing apparatus for cooking, provided 

 with a hearth, an oven, frying-pans, &c. The carpenter's shop ''^ ["] con- 

 tains also the berths for the carpenter and his mates. The cook's berth [^"J. 



The quarter-deck, D, carries six 8-pounders on each side, and is the place 

 where the officers, midshipmen, and sailors keep watch {pi. 21, Jig. 1), The 

 cabin in the after part {pi. 9, fig. 27"^) [''] is arranged like the lower cabin, 

 but is superior to it in some respects. In addition to the side galleries it has 

 also a stern gallery. From the cabin door the whole service of the ship can 

 be seen at once. The cabin is lighted through a glass door in the after part 

 and through the port-holes (^'). 



The deck over the cabin is called the poop-deck, from which two ladders 

 {pi. 21, fig. 1, and pi. 10, fig. 2) lead to the quarter-deck. The signal-keepers 

 are stationed on the poop-deck, with the chest of signal flags ; the lead is 

 726 



