INDEX TO MILITARY SCIENCES. 



m 



Epitaxis, the, 12. 



Epitherarch, an, 11. 



Epixenagia, the, a division of the phalanx, 11. 



Epizygarchy, an, 11. 



Equites, the, or equestrian order, 17. 



Etruscans, the, arms of, 19. 



Facings, the different, 79. 



Falerii, the walls of, 142. 



Fascines, 113, 168. 



Faussebraye, the, or lower rampart, 156. 



Fencing, different forms of the implements used in, 

 and explanation of the different thrusts, parades, 

 &c., 70-76 ; fencing with the curved sabre, 76. 



Ferentarii, the, a class of light troops, 16, 17. 



Feudal service, the, in Germany, 32. 



Field-hackbut, the, or swivel-gun, 116. 



Field works, 148. 



Firearms, description of the earliest constructed, 

 and historical survey of the gradual improve- 

 ments in, 115-1 18. 



Fire-balls, 120, 137. 



Fire-lock, the, 117. 



Flail, the, a weapon used by the Hussites, 37. 



Forceps, the, an implement employed in sieges by 

 the ancients, 114. 



Forceps, the, or reversed wedge, 13. 



Forge, the travelling, 128. 



Fortification, the science of, 140 ; rudeness of the 

 attempts at, in the early ages of the world, 140, 

 141 ; gradual improvements in, exemplified in 

 the walls of Messene, Athens, Pompeii, and 

 Rome, 141, 142 ; temporary fortifications of 

 the ancients, 143 ; of the middle ages, 143-147 ; 

 of modern times, 147 ; three classes of field 

 fortification, 148 ; open works, ib. ; inclosed 

 works, ib. ; fortified lines, 150 ; the profile, 

 150, 151 ; internal defences, 151, 152 ; defen- 

 sive means which are part of the works them- 

 selves, 152; defilement, 153; construction of 

 various works, ib. ; block-houses, 153, 154 ; 

 powder magazines, 154 ; permanent fortification, 

 ib. ; technical terms, 155 ; description of the prin- 

 cipal systems of, according to which works have 

 been disposed since the 16th century, 156-163. 



Fortress, description of the different parts of a, 

 147 ; account of the principal systems of con- 

 structing, 156-163 ; details of the attack and 

 defence of, 163-171. 



Fortress-towers, 146. 



Forts, different kinds of, and methods of con- 

 structing them, 149. 



Fougasses, 173. 



Foundry, the cannon, and method of casting can- 

 non and projectiles, 132-134. 



Fourneau, the, or oven of a mine, 171. 



Fraises, 151. 



France, the army of, general account of its orga- 

 nization, strength, &c., 53-56 ; honorary badges 

 for military service in, 101. 



Franks, the, arms of, 19. 



Front, changes of, 80, 81. 



Front of attack, the, definition of the term, 155. 



Gabions, method of making, 168. 



Galleries, subterranean, in old fortifications, 146, 

 147 ; crenelled, 160. 



Gallery, the mine, 171 ; the magistral, 173 ; lis- 

 tening and other galleries, 173, 174. 



Gate openings in ancient walls, 141 ; the Gate of 

 the Lions at Mycenae, 141 ; the early arch con- 

 struction in gates, 142. 



ICONOGRAPHIC ENCYCLOPEDIA. VOL. 



Gates, the, of old fortifications, 144, 145. 



Gauls, the, arms of, 19. 



Gauntlets, description of, 40. 



Genoese, the, the first to construct the ancient 

 balista on a small scale, 33, 34. 



Germans, the ancient, arms of, 20 ; war customs 

 of, 23 ; change of internal relations among, oc- 

 casioned by their permanent establishment in 

 fixed localities, 31 ; the army-bann, ib. ; the 

 feudal system, 32 ; origin of the paid service, 

 ib. ; the mercenaries, ib. ; maintenance of the 

 troops, ib. ; the commander-in-chief and other 

 officers, ib. ; little skill exhibited in war- 

 fare, ib. ; predominance of cavalry, 33 ; treat- 

 ment of prisoners, ib. ; high degree of excel- 

 lence exhibited in the armorer's art during the 

 middle ages, and principal offensive and de- 

 fensive weapons, 33—40 ; pomp and costliness 

 of the garb of the soldiery in the time of Maxi- 

 milian, 41 ; the last tournament, 42 ; constitu- 

 tion of the soldiery in the 15th century, 15, 16 ; 

 administration of justice, 43 ; tumultuous on- 

 slaught of, in battles, ib. ; the cavalry service, 

 44 ; artillery first placed on a formidable foot- 

 ing by the emperor Maximilian, ib. 



Gisarm, the, a weapon used in the Middle Ages, 

 35. 



Glacis, the, 152. 



Grape shot, 137. 



Great Britain, honorary badges for military service 

 in, 101, 102. 



Greece, the military system of, 7 ; composition of 

 the army, 8 ; arms of the Greeks, 8-10 ; de- 

 tailed account of the army organization, 10, 11 ; 

 various movements and orders of battle of the 

 troops, 11-13; sepulchral rites, 14; honorary 

 badge for military service in, 105, 106. 



Gunpowder, effect of the invention of, in altering 

 the system of warfare, 44, 45, 114, 115 ; the 

 manufacture of, 135, 136. 



Gymnastics, description of the principal exercises 

 of military, 66-70. 



Halberd, the, a species of weapon, 35. 



Hanover, honorary badges for military service in, 

 94, 95. 



Harmatarchy, a, 11. 



Hastati, the, of the legion, 15. 



Hauberk, the, or ring cuirass, 39. 



Hegemon, a Greek military officer, 11. 



Hekatontarchy, the, a division of the Greek army, 

 10, 11. 



Helmet, the Grecian, 9 ; the Roman, 18 ; various 

 forms and decorations of, in the Middle Ages, 

 38 ; various kinds of, used in modem times, 65. 



Herbort, his system of fortification, 160, 161. 



Herzogenbusch, Gerhard von, his system of forti- 

 fication, 156. 



Hesse, the electorate and the grand duchy of, ho- 

 norary badges for military service in, 97. 



Hipparchy, the, of the Greek cavalry, 11. 



Hoplites, the, or heavy-armed infantry of the 

 Greeks, 8. 



Horn works, 156. 



Howitzer, description of various kinds of, now in 

 use, 120, 121 ; howitzer carriages, 121-124. 



Hypotaxis, a movement of the phalanx, 13. 



Ilarch, an, 11. 



He, the, a subdivision of the Grecian cavalry, 11. 

 Imperator, or Roman commander-in-chief, 15. 

 Infantry, the, of the Greeks, 8 ; of the Romans, 

 III. 50 785 



