IV 



INDEX TO NAVAL SCIENCES. 



Shot, various kinds of, used by men-of-war, 65. 



Shrouds, the, 53 et seq. 



Sick bay, the, 68. 



Signals, system of, 105, 106. 



Slave ships, 83. 



Sloops-of-war, peculiarities in the rig of, 76. 



Snows, 76. 



Sourabaya, the freight ships of, 29. 



Sovereign of the Seas, the, a large ship constructed 



by James I., 11. 

 Spain, the marine of, in the middle ages, 11 ; the 



Spanish Armada, 12 ; present state of the navy 



of, 17. 

 Spanker, the, or mizen-sail, 58. 

 Spanker-gaff, the, 51. 

 Spars, the, of a ship, 48-52. 

 Stays, the main and other, 54 et seq. 

 Staysails, the, 57, 58. 

 Steam-engines, marine, description of several, 



85-88. 

 Steamships, description of different kinds of, 85- 



91 ; methods of propelling, 88, 89. 

 Steps, the mast, 43. 

 Stern, the, the most ornamental part of the ship, 



45. 

 Streamers, 59. 



Sumatra, the pulo-rajahs and proas of, 28. 

 Swans' necks, 66. 

 Sweden, the navy of, 16. 

 Swivels, 66. 



Tackles, the different kinds of, 52, 53, 55 ; the 



gun, 64. 

 Tacks, the main, 55, 56. 

 Tactics, naval, 100-104. 

 Tahiti, the pirogues of, 30 

 Tiller, the, 46. 



Tools, various kinds of, used on shipboard, 68, 

 69. 



Tops, the, construction and use of, 49. 

 Toucangs, the, of Malacca, 28. 

 Transport ships, 79. 

 Travancore, the pamban of, 22. 

 Trestle- trees, the, 49. 



Triremes, the, of the Greeks and Romans, 8, 9. 

 Tub, a kind of vessel used in the north of Eu- 

 rope, 82. 

 Turkey, the navy of, 18. 

 Tuscany, the navy of, 18. 



United States, the, navy of, 18. 



Vane, the, 59. 



Vangs, the spanker, 57, 



Venice, state of the marine of, in the Middle 



Ages, 12, 13. 

 Vessels, construction of, and their principal parts 



in the earliest ages of the world, 1-3. See 



Ships and Ship-building. 

 Vikings, the, or sea-kings, 13. 



War-steamer, the first, built in America, 88. 

 Warfare, naval, method of conducting, among the 



ancients, 9 ; manoeuvres of modern fleets, 100- 



104. 

 Washington, the American mail-steamer, 88, 89. 

 Weapons, various descriptions of, used at sea, 66. 

 Whale-ships, 82, 83. 

 Whip purchase, a, 52. 

 Windlass, the, 43, 44. 



Xebecs (war), 78. 



Yards, the, 50-52. 



192 



