ARCHITECTURE. 39. 
Lapithe. Theten metopes of the front porticoshow ten labors of Hercules, 
and the four adjoining ones on either side, the labors of Theseus. The temple 
proper is 54 feet long, by 19 feet, 2 inches wide. The temple was erected 
ten years after the battle of Salamis, after the son of Miltiades had collected 
the bones of Theseus on the island of Scyros, and had triumphantly carried 
them to Athens. At present the temple of Theseus is used as a church of 
St. George, for which reason probably it is so well kept. 
Not far from the temple of Theseus, opposite the Stoic Hall, was the gym- 
nasium, erected by ordersof Ptolemeeus, and containing the statues of Juba 
and Chrysippus, and a spacious court-yard surrounded with colonnades. 
Opposite the gymnasium, in rear of the Stoic Hall, was the temple of the 
Dioscuri, the entrance of which was decorated with the statues of Castor and 
Pollux, whilst on each side were those of their sons with their horses. The 
interior was decorated with paintings by Polygnotus and Micon, repre- 
senting the wedding of the sons of the Dioscuri with the daughters of 
Leucippus and the embarkation of Jason and his heroes for Colchis. 
Near this temple was the district consecrated to Aglauros, with a temple 
of this nymph. Then came the Prytaneum, where the written laws of Solon 
were preserved, and citizens who had distinguished themselves in the service 
of the state were entertained at public expense. It contained the statues of 
Vesta, of Peace, as well as of Miltiades, Themistocles, and other celebrated men. 
Opposite these different buildings were the portico of Hadrian, the vegetable 
market surrounded by a wall and double porticoes, and in the rear of the 
latter the Tower of the Winds (pl. 9, fig. 4, plan and elevation; pl. 19, fig. 9, 
capital from the portico), 
The Tower of the Winds is an eight-sided marble building, whose faces are 
turned exactly towards the octants of the heavens, each containing a bas-relief 
allegory of one of the eight winds known to the Greeks. The tower carries 
a conical roof, on the top of which stood a bronze Triton serving as a vane. 
Below the bas-reliefs are as many sundials calculated to suit the correspond- 
ing points of the compass, which are considered by Delambre ta be the 
most remarkable remains of the practical gnomonics of the ancients. The 
building originally had two entrances, one towards the north-east and the 
other towards the north-west, each of them ornamented with a portico of 
two columns. Stuart, when first surveying the building, after removing all 
the rubbish, discovered on the floor traces of a clepsydra, or water-clock, as 
described by Vitruvius, which was probably fed by a brook passing close 
to the tower, and which to this day is called Clepsydra. The water reservoir 
is located in the round house attached to the main building, The interior 
of the tower is divided into four different stories, which probably had floors 
for the door to rest upon. The decorations of the interior are of the Doric 
order; those of the exterior of the Corinthian. 
‘Towards the south-east of the street of the Tripods, which began at the 
Prytaneum, are the ruins of the arch of Hadrian, forming one corner of a peri- 
bolus supposed by some archeeologists to be portions of the temple of Jupiter 
Olympius, whilst others take them for the Pantheon of Hadrian. Of the 
temple of Jupiter Olympius, p/. 12, 7i9. 2, gives the plan; jig.3, the elevation ; 
39 
