46 ARCHITECTURE. 
and of rather slender proportions of the temple of Jupiter Nemzeus, between — 
Argos and Oorinth, being the only traces left of them. Of this temple, pl. 
16, jig. 17, and pl. 18, fig. 18, show the plan, the latter figure with the 
omission of the three columns between the corner pillars of the pronaos. A few 
other ruins near Argos are supposed to be those of a theatre, of the palace of 
Agamemnon, and of an aqueduct. About four miles from Argos near 
Mount Euboia was the temple of Juno, famous for its beautiful sculptures, 
those in the gable fields being representations of the birth of Jupiter, the 
war of the gods and the giants, and the Trojan war. The statue of Juno in ~ 
the temple was of gold and ivory. 
At Bassee, near Phigalia, was the temple of Apollo Epicureus, one: of 
the most remarkable monuments of Greece, and especially of the Pelopon- 
nesus. This temple, built by Ictinus in the time of Phidias, was 125: feet 
long, by 47 feet wide, with six Doric columns of 3 feet, 7 inches diameter, 
and 19 feet, 6 inches high in front, and of 13 columns of the same size on 
the sides (pl. 11, fig. 10, ground plan). The interior of the cella contained 
ten Ionic columns in two rows, with capitals remarkable on account of the 
volutes being placed diagonally, and therefore presenting four equal faces, 
instead of the usual two. Between the two last columns, opposite the 
entrance, was one Corinthian column. These 11 columns supported a frieze 
of more than 100 feet in length, by 2 feet, 14 inch high, decorated. with 
representations of the war of the Centaurs and Lapithee, and of the Greeks 
and Amazons. ‘This master-piece of sculpture is now in the British Museum. 
The walls and columns of this temple were built of limestone, but the roof 
was constructed of marble. 
Among many ruins at Olympia, are those of the temple of Jupiter, which 
the Eleans caused to be built in the year 450 B. c. by Libon from the booty 
gained in their wars (pl. 10, jig. 1, front elevation ; jig. 2, longitudinal section ; 
pl. 15, fig. 8, half front; jig. 4, half lateral section of the pronaos; jig. 5, 
lateral section of the cella and porticoes). The outer walls of this temple 
were plastered with stucco ~, of an inch thick, and the roof, which was 
reached by winding stairs, was covered with Pentelican marble. On each 
front there were two rows of six Doric columns each, and 17 on each side 6 feet 
in diameter. Inside were two rows of columns placed in two tiers, and the 
temple was hypeethral. The length of the temple, which numbers among 
the largest in Greece, was 218 feet, by 94 feet in width, and 64 feet in height. 
The side walls were painted by Panzenus, brother of Phidias, but the gable 
fields are decorated with haut-reliefs. Those of the front by Pzeonius repre- 
sented Pelops and CEnomaus preparing for a chariot race in presence of 
Jupiter; whilst those of the rear by Alcmenes, exhibited the combat of 
the Centaurs and Lapithe at the wedding of Pirithous. The doors of the 
temple were of bronze, decorated with representations of the labors of 
Hercules. The architrave contained 21 gilded bucklers, a donation of 
Mummius the Roman general, after his victory over Corinth. 
Several monuments in Attica are worthy of special notice. On a plateau 
about 300 feet above the level of the sea, near Rhamnus, 60 stadia from 
Marathon, are the ruins of two temples inclosed by a peribolus; the largest 
46 
