ARCHITECTURE. 47 
consecrated to Nemesis, the smaller to Themis. The former (pl. 12, fig. 18, 
front; fig. 14, and pl. 16, fig. 23, ground plans) was a peripteros with six 
Doric mantled columns in front, and twelve on the sides. The members of 
the entablature show marks of painted ornaments. The height of the build- 
ing was 70 feet, 5 inches, by a width of 32 feet, 10 inches; the diameter 
of the columns, which were 13 feet, 1 inch high, was 2 feet, 44 inch; the 
entablature was 4 feet, 4 incheshigh. The ceiling and roof are constructed in 
a superior style, and their ruins are very instructive with regard to the 
rules by which the ancients connected stone blocks. Seven columns of the 
temple and one of the pronaos are still in good condition, and the three 
steps of the substructure show that the columns were placed over quadran- 
gular grooves several inches deep, and probably intended to receive metal 
plates. The temple of Themis (pl. 16, jig. 33, plan) had two Doric columns 
between the corner pillars, and was 32 feet, 3 inches long, by 20 feet, 10 
inches wide. It was erected at the time of Pericles, and destroyed by the 
Persians. 
At Sunium are two remarkable ruins, the one the remains of the temple 
of Minerva Sunias, and the other of its propyleea, which are very similar 
to those of the temple of Diana at Eleusis. Both these monuments 
are of the Doric order, and very carefully constructed of white marble. 
Of the temple there remain nine columns of the western side, three of the 
eastern, and the corner pillars and two columns of the pronaos. It had six 
columns in front, and 13 at the sides. Of the interior no traces are left, 
and it is therefore not well ascertained whether the vestibule inserted in our 
ground plan (pl. 16, jig. 19) from the plan of the Parthenon, really existed. 
We now proceed to the Grecian monuments in Asia Minor, commencing 
with the island of Delos, where we find the ruins of the temple of Apollo 
built of Parian marble, of which nothing remains but three Doric mantled 
columns of 3 feet, 1 inch diameter, and 18 feet, 8 inches high, with an 
entablature of 5 feet, 93 inches (pl. 19, fig. 2, a capital). A few fluted 
Doric columns of a portico ascribed to Philip of Macedonia on the strength 
of an inscription on the same, are found near this temple. They are 19 
feet, 4 inches high, by 2 feet, 11 inches diameter. The flutes descend only 
to within six feet from the ground, the lower part of the shafts being polygons 
with smooth faces. The capitals have but very little projection, and an 
almost straight echinus. Near this place are also some ruins of square 
pillars, the capitals of which are formed by the heads and shoulders of four 
oxen, in the manner of the horse capitals in the monument of Nakshi 
Rustam (pl. 8, jig. 6). 
Sardis, the metropolis of Lydia, at the foot of Mount Tmolos, contains the 
ruins of the temple of Cybele. This temple, of the Ionic order, was a dip- 
teros, but with three rows of columns in front (pl. 10, fig. 17, elevation ; pl. 
11, jig. 13, plan). 
Of all the monuments of Mylasa, a place eighteen hundred years ago 
remarkable for its numerous temples, colonnades, and buildings of every de- 
scription, nothing remains but a Corinthian column without the capital, 
erected in honor of the sovereign of Caria, and the ruins of a temple dedi- 
47 
