74 ARCHITECTURE. 
of which we have given the ground plan, pl. 16, fig. 24, the columns of the - 
portico, with the entablature and the door, and a part of the cella, are yet 
visible. The style is Doric, but its rules are not sufficiently followed to 
allow the temple to be quoted as a good example of that style. 
In Pozzuoli the chief church is built upon the ruins of a temple of which 
several Corinthian columns remain. Near the city there are also the ruins 
of a round temple which was a monopteros, and dedicated to Jupiter 
Serapis. 7. 18, jig. 99, shows the ground plan. The bases of the 16 
pillars of the temple are yet standing, and three of the so called Cipollino © 
marble columns of the quadrangular peribolus which surrounded the temple. 
There are also at Gaeta the ruins of the monument of Munatius Plancus, 
and at Naples the Tomb of Virgil and ruins of the temple of the 
Dioscuri. 
Turning towards upper Italy we find besides the ruins of the bridges and 
of the arch of Augustus at Norni, a beautiful temple of Minerva in Assisi, 
now the church Maria della Minerva. It is asix columned prostylos of the 
Corinthian style, of which pl. 16, fig. 21, gives the ground plan. In Fano, 
the old Finestri, Vitruvius built a characteristic basilica, of which 
unhappily there are no remains, and which cannot be drawn after his 
description (22b. v. cap. 1), although Barbaro, Canina, Marini, and others 
have attempted it. 
In Nismes, a provincial town of Augustus, there is, among other remains, 
a well preserved temple, dedicated by Augustus to the two sons of M. 
Agrippa, Caius and Lucius. This temple, of which pl. 15, jig. 10, gives a 
general view, and jig. 11 the ground plan, is a prostylos pseudoperipteros, 
with six columns in front and: half columns around the cella. The building 
is very handsome, of the Corinthian style, and now known under the name 
Maison Quarrée. At the foot of the Alps, near Torbia, there is the nucleus 
of a monument which was dedicated to Augustus, and known as the 
Tropheon of Augustus. From Pliny’s description, Canina undertook 
its restoration, of which pl. 18, jig. 8, gives the elevation, and jig. 9, the 
ground plan. 
By means of Roman conquests a better knowledge of art began now to 
diffuse itself over the countries adjacent to the Danube and the Rhine. 
Formerly those lands had neither cities nor boroughs. Each family lived 
alone on its own premises, and building with brick or quarried stone was 
equally unknown. Under Augustus, however, things assumed another 
aspect, and cities and villages arose along the Danube and the Rhine, and 
many important hydraulic works were undertaken. It is uncertain how far 
the limits of the Romans extended beyond the Rhine, and what was the 
precise direction of the stake-ditches that separated the Roman possessions 
from free Germany. Probably Nuremberg lay within the line, for its 
castle tower seems to be altogether Roman. Many cities, especially 
smaller ones, such as Rottweil and Villingen, indicate in their plans the 
form of the Roman camp with remains of towers and walls. Of Roman 
buildings, however, there are very few except at Treves and the Baths 
of Badenweiler; yet recently many more have been brought to light. 
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