ARCHITECTURE. 83 
was a door opening into a portico of two little Corinthian columns with a 
gable over them, whose roof rested against the attic. 
The triumphal arches and arches of honor were among the architectural 
works that rose to prominence under the government of Domitian. He 
erected many of them in all parts of the city, and adorned them very richly. 
To this time, also, belongs a triumphal arch decreed by the senate and 
Roman people to Titus on occasion of his taking Jerusalem. The greater 
part of this work yet remains, and p/. 18, jig. 17, gives a view of it; jig. 18, 
its ground plan. That this arch was erected after the death of Titus appears 
from the inscription which calls the emperor “the deified;” and the 
middle of the spring of the arch is sculptured in half raised work with his 
apotheosis, where he sits upon an eagle. This bas-relief, and above all the 
sculptures of this arch, indicate an exquisite style; but the architecture is 
less praiseworthy, overloaded as it is with ornament. This arch is the 
most ancient monument in the composite style, on which over the usual 
Corinthian capital the Ionic volutes appear. Of this time also is the no less 
simple than beautiful triumphal arch upon the bridge of Santonum, the 
modern Xaintes on the Charente in France, where there are many other 
Roman remains: pl. 17, fig. 16, a and 0, give the general view and ground 
plan of this arch. Whether also the arch of Gabius in Verona, near Castello 
Vecchio, which we have represented in elevation and ground plan, pi. 17, 
jig. 17 @ and 6, belongs to this or a later period, perhaps that of the 
emperor Gallienus, which its mediocre architecture induces us to suspect, 
must remain uncertain, as neither the family of Gabius nor the name of the 
architect L. Vitruvius Cerdo is mentioned elsewhere. We must also 
mention here a very richly adorned triumphal arch which was erected in 
honor of Marius in Arausio, the modern Orange in the department of 
Vaucluse in France, of which pl. 18, fig. 15, gives the general view, and 
jig. 16, the ground plan. The arrangement of the gables upon the sides, 
and of the sculptured panels between the four gables, is peculiar. The 
sculptures are neatly done and in a good style. Arausio is distinguished for 
its antiquities, particularly for its amphitheatre, the only entire one remain- 
ing in Europe. There was formerly a little hamlet in the interior of this 
building, which the Department of Vaucluse purchased and removed, and 
left the theatre unincumbered. ‘The arch of Augustus at Pola (jig. 20, 
general view, jig. 21, ground plan) is remarkable for a simply beautiful form, 
and was built either under Domitian or his predecessor. 
But Domitian did not lavish the wealth of his kingdom only upon public 
buildings. He did much for his private edifices, and especially for the 
Capitoline house and the villain Albano. The Basilica was adorned with 
great splendor. The rarest stones were used; the richest ornaments were 
everywhere lavished so that even the smallest architrave soffits were 
garnished with costly fillings (pl. 19, jig. 28). The hall was arched with 
unusual loftiness and represented the starry heavens. Domitian expended 
no less upon his estate in Albano, where he gave great plays, and even 
invited the whole senate thither. The ruins of this villa are yet visible 
between castle Gondolfo and the lake of Albano, and there are yet very 
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