180 ARCHITECTURE. 
2. Verueuit. The church of Notre Dame in Vetheuil (the old Vethe- 
lium near Mantes) is of three epochs. The choir was built by Henry II. 
of England. The tower is of the 14th century, built by command of Joanna 
of Evreaux, the third wife of Charles the Fair. The vestry, the western por- 
tal, and the transept, date from the time of Francis I. The western portal, 
of which plate 42, fig. 2, gives a view, and whose ground plan is represented 
in fig. 4, has on both sides a pair of wing walls, which excepting a pierced 
baluster, are devoid of decoration, and are even without windows. It pro- 
jects somewhat, has a pair of stair-towers on the sides, and is divided into 
three stories. The lower story is the highest, and is almost as high as the 
wing walls. It has a door, divided by a central pillar into two gates, with 
low vaulted ceilings. Before the pillar stands upon a column whose base 
and capital are given in jig. 3a and 36 the statue of Christian Love under a 
canopy ; over the gates are semicircular niches. The projection of the 
tower is also ornamented with niches, whose canopies instead of ending in 
pyramidal points bear a kind of dome in -the style of the Renaissance. 
The lower story is divided by a Doric entablature with triglyphs and modil- 
lions, over which is a low gable with an unrecognisable bas-relief. There 
are no statues in the niches. The second story has two somewhat projecting 
wings with corner columns upon a small plinth connected by a railing over 
the above-mentioned gable. The middle part has two rather narrow 
windows upon whose sides are two medallions with sculptures. .The win- 
dows are semicircularly closed, and have also medallions with heads which 
the Renaissance introduced in abundance, a style which is now again 
pursued with great earnestness. From the imposts of the window arches 
rise little Ionic pilasters, which support the cornice which extends over the 
projecting wings, and is ornamented with Jacob’s shells. The third story is 
almost entirely like the second, but is still simpler. The projecting wings 
support small octagonal towers with corner columns, and with tile-covered 
domes which have a peculiarly formed point. The three-cornered pro- 
jections at the bottom of these towers are decorated with vases. The 
crowning of the middle part forms a fronton in the shape of a true are, 
upon which, in a very remarkable manner, balls are introduced as orna- 
ments, which much disfigure it. The fronton is surrounded by a cross. 
P1. 42, fig. 5, shows the ground plan of the southern portal. It is peculiar, 
as it forms a hall receding into the church. 
Ill. MODERN ARCHITECTURE. 
In our examination of the architecture of antiquity and of the middle 
ages, we have based our divisions partly on the manner of single races, and 
partly upon peculiar styles, because as the original architecture of a people 
is determined by their manner of life, by their character, by the land they 
inhabit, and its climate, and takes from all these influences its peculiar 
character which must remain for a long time unchanged, owing to the 
180 
