184 ARCHITECTURE. 
inlaid in several places with plates of porphyry, and the cornices, which 
separate the stories, have modillions of white marble. 
6. THe Cuurce San Pierro iv Monrtorto In Rome. In the year when 
Brunelleschi died (1444), one of the greatest architects of his time, Bra- 
mante Lazzari, was born in Castello Durante, near Urbino. He studied 
with great zeal the architecture of the old monuments, and his buildings, 
which are many, although he began late, show the fruits of these studies. 
One of his most beautiful works is the church San Pietro in Montorio in 
Rome, one of the smallest but finest of architectural achievements. PJ. 45, 
jig. 7, gives the ground plan, jig. 8 the front view, and jig. 9 the section of 
this church, which occupies the centre of the cloister of the convent of San 
Pietro, in Montorio, and under which there is yet a round chapel dedicated 
to the apostle. Bramante built this church in the year 1502, and it was the 
first sacred building departing from the old Basilica type ever erected in 
Rome. Sixteen beautiful Doric columns form the peristyle, each of a 
single granite block. The attic appears perhaps a little too high, but the 
whole makes a fine impression. 
The principal church of San Pietro in Montorio is not to be confounded 
with this smaller one. The larger one stands upon the Janiculine hill in 
Rome, and to it belongs the cloister in which Bramante’s church was built. 
It is a very old church and consists of an aisle with a choir apsis and 
side chapels, and is roofed over in part with two cross-vaults. This church 
received a new facade in 1475, designed by Baccio Pintetti. PU. 46, jig. 
12, represents it. It has a door with a straight lintel, 6 feet 3 inches broad 
and 12 feet high. 
4. Tae Cuurcu betta ConsotazionE In Topi. In 1505, a few years 
after the commencement of the above mentioned church, Bramante began 
the church della Consolazione before the walls of the little city of Todi, in 
the Duchy of Spoleto. PJ. 50, jig. 6, shows the front view, and jig. 7, the 
section of this church, whose ground plan forms a square, upon each side 
of which a semicircle is attached, forming a Greek cross. Each one of these 
semicircles is covered with a half dome, and over the middle of the centre 
space is a drum, over which stands the chief dome. The art with which 
the architect has adapted the height of the various colonnades to each other, 
- and the harmony of all the lines, as well within as on the exterior of the 
church, deserve attention. 
8. Sr. Prerer’s iv Rome. The work which immortalizes the name of 
Bramante is St. Peter’s church in Rome; and although he did not complete 
it, and even his design was not entirely followed, yet it was he who first 
advanced the bold idea of setting the pantheon upon a basilica, and thus 
accomplishing a work unapproached in grandeur. St. Peter’s church, of which 
pl. 44, fig. 1, gives the entire ground plan, jig. 2 the horizontal section of 
the three domes, jig. 4 the geometrical side view of the church proper, and 
fig. 3 the perspective view of the whole edifice, is remarkable in respect to 
the sums lavished upon it and the means adopted for raising those sums, 
which was the famous selling of indulgences. Perhaps without the selling 
of indulgences Luther would never have been compelled to protest publicly, 
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