ARCHITECTURE. 191 
pilasters, and unite on both sides with the convent, while they constitute 
~part of the church facade. Upon each wing is a bell-tower, which skilfully 
relieves the mass of the dome. Inside, the more than semicircular part 
changes into a polygon which forms the circumference of the dome, whose 
support are the pillars of the arcades and the divisions which contain the 
chapels, ranged all round. The choir and the high altar occupy a prolon- 
gation of the space occupied by the church. The whole combination is 
admirably conceived. The inner height of the dome is 150 feet, the outer 
165, and with the lantern 200 feet. Its inner diameter is 56, the exterior 
80 feet. It belongs to the first domes of the second rank. 
B. France. 
In France the same general proportions were observed as in Italy, for 
France has always followed the Italian school in the fine arts, and has 
done very little of itself. But it has very skilfully adopted and developed 
the styles of its neighbors. 
1. Tae Cuurce or Sts. Gervais anp Prorais in Paris. This church 
claims notice here solely on account of its facade (pl. 46, jig. 3), for the 
building itself was founded in 558, and renewed in the German style in 
1212, probably by Montereaux. When it was again repaired in 1581, the 
hanging keystones of the vaults were added, for such a construction was 
not usual in the 13th century, but was introduced later in England. The 
middle aisle is 24 feet broad and 80 feet high, and is remarkabie for having 
galleries, which were of rare occurrence in the middle ages. The facade 
represented by us was added in 1616 by Jacques de Brosse, and completed 
in 1621. It is 82 feet broad and 132 feet high. Beneath it is finished with 
four disengaged and four half columns of the Doric order, and a heavy 
attic over the entablature of this order, above which are eight fluted half 
columns of the Ionic order, with niches between them, and the window 
divided by a centre column. Over this again there is a heavy attic, above 
which is the upper building, with four Corinthian half columns, an entabla- 
ture, and a gable, whose outline is anare. P/. 46, jig. 4, gives the ground 
plan of the portal; jig.4a@ and jig. 4), the Doric; and jigs. 4¢ and d, the 
Ionic order. In the last, the convex frieze over the low architrave has a 
bad effect. 
2. Tue Caurcu or St. Paci anv St. Lovisty Paris. Formerly the Jesuits 
had only an establishment for the reception of novices in Paris; but the 
Cardinal de Bourbon, uncle of Henry IV., gave them ground for the erection 
of a church, of which Louis XIII. laid the corner-stone on the 10th March, 
1627. The Jesuit Francois Derrand designed the plan and directed the build- 
ing. Pl. 46, fig. 5, is the facade of this church, which was begun at the ex- 
pense of Cardinal Richelieu in 1634, and finished in 1641. The fagade, the 
most important part of the church, consists of three orders, above each other. 
The two lower are Corinthian and the upper one is Roman. The arms of 
Richelieu were formerly displayed upon a round gable over the main door. 
He consecrated the church and said the first mass in it. The middle story 
has upon its middle space an ornament of elliptical form, that contains the 
191 
