ARCHITECTURE. 203 
the facade, shows the pure taste of the architect. A vestibule towards the 
court and garden is especially good. It is supported by six beautiful Ionic 
columns; pl. 52, fig. 8a, shows the front facade, jig. 8b the ground plan of 
the lower story. 
9. Te Pavazzo Saorrt in Genoa was built in 1553 by Alessi, who was 
for Genoa what Bramante was for Rome. This palace is a master-piece. 
It has two facades, as it is a corner house, and a garden lies before one of 
the facades. The street facade, including the entrance, has five openings 
in rustication constructed so judiciously as to make a very agreeable 
impression. The middle of the upper story consists of arcades upon 
columns, with a window upon both sides, with coupled pilasters, over 
which is a balcony. The interior of the court (pl. 51, jig. 5) is surrounded 
by two stories of piazzas, or vaulted galleries of marble columns, and has a 
magnificent effect, as well as the staircase. The extraordinary grandeur of 
these galleries is attained by connecting the columns in pairs by complete 
entablatures, and these again by arches sprung from their ends, whilst the 
vaults abut between and on the arches. The main cornice is well profiled, 
but too richly ornamented. : 
10. Taz Parat Patace 1x Rome. Domenico Fontana (born 1553, died 
1607), known by a large number of fine buildings in Rome, by command 
of Pope Sixtus V., enlarged the Vatican with a building, the Palazzo di 
Papa Sisto V., briefly termed the Papal Palace. Pl. 52, fig. 4, repre- 
sents this building. It makes a grand impression, although it is not a large 
edifice. The round and triangular pediments over the door and centre 
window can, however, hardly be justified by good taste. The main cornice 
is beautifully and boldly profiled. 
11. Tae Parazzo Doria Turst 1s Genoa was begun in 1590 by Rocco 
Lurago, and is at present the property of the king of Sardinia. PU. 54, 
jig. 3, shows the facade. It is almost too crowded with pilasters and 
gable-windows to be classed unreservedly with the good Italian style. On 
each side the fine vaulted portico supports a terrace adjoining the second 
story of the building. The cornice is remarkable for its very great consoles. 
The staircase, approached from the spacious vestibule, is numbered among 
the most perfect. The court is surrounded with columns and half columns 
connected by arches. 
12. Patazzo Caserta NEAR Napies. One of the largest European build- 
ings of the last century is the Palace of Caserta near Naples. Vanvitelli, 
or more properly Louis van Witel of Utrecht, planned it and laid the 
corner stone on the 20th January, 1752. Pl. 51, jig. 1, represents the 
ground plan of the lower story, jig. 2 that of the main story, jig. 3 the eleva- 
tion, and jig. 4 the section of the palace. The building has four courts and 
occupies an area of 410,480 square feet. Each of the two principal fronts has 
a large portal and two side entrances. On every corner is a pavilion of 161 
feet in height and in the centre between the courts a dome covering the 
great vestibule, whose height is 183 feet from the floor. The main story, 
which is 26 feet high, rests upon a substructure which has two stories, 
each 18 feet high. The great saloons in the main story extend through 
203 
