204 ARCHITECTURE. 
the upper. building and are 45 feet high. The windows are 5 feet, 6 inches 
wide in the clear, and are placed 10 feet apart. Those of the main story 
are 12 feet high. Over this story is still another, 21 feet high, and an 
intersole, 12 feet high. In the middle of each facade stand four Ionic 
columns, and as many in the facades of the pavilions, which have flat roofs 
surrounded by balustrades. The plan of the arcades, which are 45 feet 
high, and connect the two portals, is magnificent. They have four passages, 
and in the middle they form the octagonal vestibule which contains the 
great staircase. At each portal isa vestibule ornamented with eight Co 
rinthian columns. The columns consist each of a single block of ash-grey 
Sicilian marble. The great staircase, which also leads to the royal chapel, 
whose ceiling is supported by sixteen Corinthian marble columns, has steps 
19 feet, 6 inches long, each of a single block of marble. In one side of the 
odes 4 is a theatre extending through two stories. 
Tn order to show the style in which the Roman palaces vi were finished, we 
have represented 1 in pl. 54, figs. 6-9, four superb doors from various pale 
and also in jig. 4 one of the many owen fountains, the Hontana Paolina, 
not far from the church San Pietro in Promontorio upon the Janiculus. It 
was executed by J acob Fontana, and is fed by the aqueduct of Bracciano, 
which, lies 36 miles from Rome. Three large and two small arcades, ee 
falls the, water. in three streams into the broad basin, form the icone 
Between the arcades there are five half columns of granite, and over them 
an attic with an inscription, and then an arched superstructure with two 
angels bearing the papal.arms. As an offset to this example of tasteless- 
ness, built in 1560, we give in jig. 5 the ancient fountain of Marius, not far 
from Rome, and it is curious to observe how human taste, when such guides 
were near, could go so far astray as to produce the Fontana Paclina. 
B. France. 
1. Tae Louvre i Paris. Of French palaces, the Louvre at Paris 
claims the priority of age; for in the 8th and 9th centuries there stood upon 
its site a palace.of the King of France, which in 1529 was so ruinous that 
Francis I. determined to build a new palace in its place. Sebastian Serlio 
and Francis Lescot drew plans for it, and the latter was accepted. But at 
the death of Lescot even the wing towards the Tuileries, the old Louvre, 
was not yet completed. . Its court facade (pl. 52, fig. 2) has in the centre a 
projection ( le grand avant corps), and a little one on each side and in the 
corners. These avant corps are repeated on the other sides of the court. 
Before them stand forty-six.pairs of fluted Corinthian three-quarter columns 
2 feet thick and 19 feet 2 inches high, placed on high pedestals. Before the 
receding parts (arriére corps) are thirty-two pilasters of the same order 
ornamenting the window piers. Similar orders of columns and pilasters 
are repeated before the main story but in the Roman style, and each order 
has its full entablature. The ground floor is 33 feet high, the main story 
29 feet. The length and depth of the Louvre are 525 feet. After Lescot’s 
death Lemercier erected, over the middle of the wing towards the Tuileries, 
a high balustrade, and over that a rectangular drum with a dome of frame- 
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