GRECIAN MYTHOLOGY. 109 
~The present is a fitting place to mention Calus, a god of the physical 
universe, who ruled in conjunction with Helios or Sol. He was a symbol 
of the firmament and is represented as an old man dressed in a wide flow- 
ing tunic. He rides through the upper air, holding a veil, and occupies a 
position between the radiant head of Helios and Semele, who bears on her 
head a new moon. Greater and smaller stars shine between them (/. 17, 
Jig. 2). | 
sxeaie teh (Diana). This goddess completes the Olympic circle. Ac- 
cording to the common myths she was the daughter of Zeus and Leto, and 
the twin sister of Apollo. The sphere of her operations equalled his in 
variety and extent, and it is even more difficult to characterize her precisely, 
as she not only represented both ancient and later ideas, but indeed three 
originally distinct mythological beings. 
~The legends relate that when a child she was sitting in the lap of her 
father Zeus, and that at her request he gave to her perpetual virginity, the 
property of having many names, the lighted torch, Cretan maid-servants, 
and a city. Her province extended over earth, heaven, and the lower 
world. As Artemis proper, she loved the chase and presided over that 
profession. She obtained as her retinue sixty nymphs (pl. 18, fig. 9), and 
possessed the power of causing fruits and flocks to flourish, and of prolong- 
ing life, and was the protectress of roads and settlements. She next received 
armor from the Cyclopes and dogs from Pan, harnessed to her chariot 
four stags with golden antlers, and slew wild animals. She also put women 
to death, and all who died suddenly were said to have fallen by her arrows, 
just as the men expired by the arrows of Apollo. From all this will be 
seen her grave, masculine, and almost cruel character. Accordingly the 
ancient artists gave to her representations a remarkable resemblance to 
those of Apollo. Thus she had the same light, slender form, the same 
elongated oval of the countenance, a high forehead, bright eyes glancing 
freely around her, braided hair fastened behind, and only a few stray locks 
falling down over the neck. 
As mistress of the chase, she wears her dress tucked up. The tunic is 
secured or gathered above the knee and fastened to the hips, to avoid the 
hindrances which longer garments would cause in hunting; the cloak is 
laid in a long fold and fastened over the shoulders, around the body, to give 
freedom to the arms; the feet are protected by buskins; on her back she 
carries the quiver, in her hand the bow or javelin. In pl. 20, jig. 14, one 
hand appears on the quiver as if taking out an arrow to intimidate Heraeles, 
while with the left she grasps a hind which she has wrested from him. 
Less frequently as huntress:she appears in long clothes, as on the cameo 
(pl. 27, fig. 1), where, for better recognition, she is seen with the bow 
in her hand and near her the stag. 
The second principal office of Artemis is to direct the shining orb of 
night, the moon; and in this character she has the name Selene. As such 
she appears in a full robe flowing to the feet, and over it is thrown the 
peplum, a wide sash, which extends to the hips. Over her head flows the 
sail-formed veil, and the crescent moon appears either near her or connected 
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