GRECIAN MYTHOLOGY. 129 
10. Tue Musss. 
The Musss, whose number and origin were at first variously stated, 
were subsequently fixed at nine, and regarded as the daughters of Mnemo- 
syne ( pl. 26, fig. 8), the goddess of Memory. The latter was represented in 
a thoughtful attitude, her arms enveloped in anample garment. She taught 
mankind the art of language, and while Zeus dwelt at Pzertaas a shepherd, 
and hiding from the rage of his father Cronos, Mnemosyne married him, 
and bore to him the nine Muses. The rustics at first considered them 
nymphs of the inspiring fountains, and honored them as the preservers of 
budding plants. Afterwards they were associated with Apollo, who acted 
as their leader, and were regarded as the goddesses of art and science, since 
these could not prosper without divine inspiration. Each one superintended 
some branch of knowledge, power, or art. We characterize their names 
and departments more particularly. 
1, Caxxiorx (gifted with a beautiful voice), the muse of epic poetry, pro- 
claimed the fame of heroes by means of heroic verse. She holds in her 
hand the wax tablet and style (pl. 26, jig. 1a), or a scroll of papyrus 
(fig. 2), and wears a laurel crown. 
2. Cxto (the proclaimer) was the muse of history, and recorded the trans- 
actions of the past. In this character she also is represented with a scroll 
in her hand, and sometimes resting her elbows on a pillar (jfig.16; jig. 3). 
Her head is crowned with ivy. 
3. Erato (the lovely), the muse of amorous poetry, and of soft, touching 
music. She usually appears with roses and myrtle in her hair, and holding 
the lyre in her left hand and the plectrum in the right (fig. 1 ¢), or playing 
on the lyre (pl. 19, fig. 5). 
4, Mepomens (the songstress), the muse of tragedy (pl. 26, jig. 1d), is 
represented with the club of Hercules in the right hand, and in the left 
the tragic or heroic mask. She usually wears buskins or shoes with high 
cork soles. 
5. Evurrerre (the charming), the muse of music, as a symbol of her office 
usually appears with a double flute (jig. 1 ¢), but is also represented (fig. 5) 
sitting upon a rock and holding a single flute. 
6. Tatra (the blooming), the muse of comedy, was represented with a 
comic mask and shepherd’s crook (jig. Lf; fig. 7). 
7. TerpsicHore (leader of the dance) was the muse of dancing, and is 
represented with a seven stringed lyre and the plectrum (jig. 1g). 
8. Uranta (the heavenly) was the muse of astronomy and the sciences 
therewith connected, particularly the knowledge of divine subjects. A 
globe and measuring scale are her common attributes (fig.1h). She is 
also represented in a sitting position, her left arm resting on a sphere, the 
left hand holding a pair of compasses, and her gaze directed towards the 
sky (jig. 6a), or with the measuring rule pointing to the globe in her hand, 
and the eye uplifted (jig. 6 6). 
9. Potyuymyia (the much singing) favored eloquence, vocal music, and 
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