144 MYTHOLOGY AND RELIGIOUS RITES. 
is a part of the frieze on the monument of Lysicrates, generally known as 
the lantern of Demosthenes, and illustrates the history of Dionysos and 
his punishment of the Tyrrhenian pirates. Finally, we give the sacred ser- 
pent (fig. 10a6), copied from a coin called the czstophorus, because it 
exhibits the czsta or sacred box, surrounded by ivy, berries, and leaves, from 
which the serpent proceeds. The reverse bears two serpents with their 
tails entwined ; between them is seen a quiver, and to the right a thyrsus, 
around which a serpent is coiled. | 
16. Tae Genn. 
We close our account of mythical beings by a brief reference to the 
Genie (pl. 19, fig. 10). They were originally regarded as gods, but at a 
later period they held a position between gods and men. They constituted 
two distinct orders: the Good Genwi (Agathodemons), and the Hvil Genw 
(Cacodemons). They were considered mortal, and had a very limited sphere 
of activity. Every man was supposed to have two. The good one coun- 
selled and encouraged him, the evil one sought to corrupt him; and thus 
they waged a perpetual strife, the victory depending upon the will of the 
individual, who had it in his power to retain or reject either ; and while one 
remained in power, the other abandoned him. Accordingly it was custo- 
mary to ascribe good fortune or disaster to the presence of the good or evil 
genius. 
They were usually represented as handsome youths, sometimes winged 
and crowned with wreaths, and clothed in a star-embroidered garment, 
sometimes without any of these, and naked. 
THEOLOGY AND WoRSHIP OF THE GREEKS. 
The belief in the existence of the soul after death and an appropriate 
retribution of good or evil was universal among the Greeks, though, as 
might be expected, the notions on these subjects were gradually modified 
in different ages. The abode of departed spirits was the centre of the 
earth, and was divided into two distinct regions, Elystwm, the place of 
rewards and Zartaros, the place of punishment. Hermes with his golden 
wand escorted the souls down to the lower world, to the lake Acherusza, 
which was formed by the junction of the rivers Cocytos and Styx. Over 
this lake they were rowed by Charon, the ferryman of the lower world. 
He was. a severe old man with a dingy dress, and for two obolz (a small 
Greek coin) bore across to Hades in his leaky boat the souls of those who 
in the upper world had been burned or at least consecrated to Hades by a 
monument ( pl. 24, jig. 24); those, however, who had not these pre-requisites 
were compelled to wander on the terrible shore during one hundred years. 
When landed on the opposite shore of the lake, they passed through a 
cavern. in which Cerberos kept watch. to the world of shades. From this 
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