GRECIAN MYTHOLOGY. | 145 
there was no return. They next entered a large court, where Minos, the 
first supreme judge of the dead, passed judgment upon the acts of their 
lifetime, and decided whether they should be admitted to Elysiwm, where 
Hades and his queen Persephone reigned, or go to Zartaros. Around 
Elysium flowed the erystal waters of Zethe, from which the departed 
drank and forgot for ever the sorrows of the past. Meadows of loveliest 
green lay stretched out before their view; they were decorated with the 
most beautiful flowers and dotted with shady groves; a clear and serene 
atmosphere filled the cloudless firmament, which was gladdened by ever- 
lasting light. The land brought forth of itself its refreshing fruits three 
times in the year; and old age, pain, and disease were displaced by 
perpetual enjoyment and delight. Zartaros, on the contrary, which lay 
far beneath the world of shades, was a deep abyss inclosed by a triple wall 
and by the fiery stream Phlegethon and the raging Acheron. Those whom 
Minos directed thither were taken before a second judge, Rhadamanthos, 
who determined their penalty according to the measure of their guilt. The 
moment the decision was announced, the Hrynnyes appeared and drove them 
into the place of punishment, where they remained for ever. Some of these 
dreadful punishments are represented in pl. 24, jig. 25, where we see 
Sisyphos, once king of Corinth, who was condemned to roll a large stone 
up the side of a steep hill, and when he had just gained the summit the 
stone recoiled, carrying him with it to the base, by which his labor 
was ever beginning and never ended. Another sufferer, Zvzon, king of 
the Lapithe, was bound to a wheel which revolved perpetually, and after 
plunging him into the flames of sulphur raised him aloft only to submerge 
him again beneath the fiery waves. Zantalos, king of Phrygia, tormented 
by endless hunger and thirst, stood immersed to the chin in water, while 
over him hung a tree whose branches bore the most delicious fruits; but 
whenever he stooped to drink the water shrank from his taste, and when 
he reached forth his hand for the fruit, the branches receded beyond his 
grasp. 
The modes of worshipping the gods were as varied as the deities them- 
selves. The sacred places were at first certain tracts of land whose products 
were dedicated to the service of the deities; next consecrated groves, in 
which altars were erected in the open air. At a later period temples were 
built, some to particular gods, the greater part, however, to all the gods, 
and the latter class of temples bore the name of Pantheon. The worship 
consisted chiefly of prayer, sacrifice, and public festivals and games, which 
varied, of course, with the character of the god. The style of private sacri- 
fices differed also somewhat according to the wealth of the worshipper. In 
conducting the religious services, numerous and diversified implements 
were employed, some of which were finished in the highest style of art. 
We present drawings of altars (p/. 19, figs. 19, 20) ; sacrificial vases (jigs. 
21-29) ; offering cups and dishes ( figs. 30-33) ; incense caskets ( jigs. 34, 35) ; 
a tripod (jig. 36); a brush of hair for sprinkling the consecrated liquids 
( fig. 87) ; various knives, dipping ladles, &c. (figs. 88-47); a large sacri- 
ficial knife (pl. 17, fig. 29), which was used at the sacrificing of a bull; an 
365 
