SCULPTURE. 15 
group, about that of Oicles, who, as companion in arms of Hercules against 
Laomedon, was slain by the Trojans. Of these sculptures we have given 
Jig. 10, Athene, fig. 11, an archer, Paris, and jig. 9, a heavy-armed warrior, 
Hercules ; and in jig. 5 is given the head of another warrior. Gilded 
bronze was here and there fastened on to the marble, as is shown by many 
holes still existing in the statues, from which the position of the weapons 
attached to them can be made out. The hair also was partly made of wire 
fixed on the heads of the figures. On the weapons, the dresses, the pupils 
of the eyes, and the lips, but not on the other parts of the body, traces of 
color are found. The arrangement of the groups is simple and architec. 
turally symmetrical, being adapted to the shape of the gables. 
These sculptures have their counterpart in those of a large tomb dis- 
covered by Fellows in the year 1838, at Xanthus; which must necessarily 
be as old if not older than those of Agina, since Xanthus was taken and 
destroyed by Harpagos in the third year of the 58th Olympiad. The 
sculptures of this place are found in five different tombs; but one of them, 
the largest and best preserved, is the most remarkable. On a base stands 
a quadrangular tower consisting of a single block of limestone; its top was 
once surrounded by a frieze, which was about 20 feet from the ground, and 
above it was a bold cornice with an abacus. The frieze is now in London, 
and is set up in the British Museum. The figures on it are about 3 feet 
6 inches high, and are distributed over three slabs of white marble on either 
side. The east and west sides are 8 feet 4 inches long, the north and south 
sides somewhat shorter. On the west, which is the principal side (pl. 1, 
Jig. 14), the frieze is interrupted by a small doorway, over which is repre- 
sented a cow suckling her calf. This opening leads into a chamber 73 feet 
high, and doubtless was intended not for entering the monument but for. 
placing within it a cinerary urn, or something of the sort. The style of 
art exhibited in these sculptures is purely Greek, and several of the figures 
are found repeated with great similarity on othermonuments. This renders 
more striking the dissimilarity in the religious rites, the deities, and their 
attributes which they represent. The compositions of the four sides stand 
in evident connexion with each other. On one side, the western ( Jig. 14), 
appear Demeter and Cora, the former with a patera, the younger figure 
with a pomegranate and a flower. Before her stand the three Hore or 
Charites, the middle one with a pomegranate, the hindmost one with an 
egg. The other three sides (the northern is depicted jig. 18) are occupied 
in the middle by three gods sitting enthroned, with staves in their hands, 
and wearing wide-sleeved garments and mantles; two of them are bearded, 
but the third, although also old, is without a beard. These three gods may 
be Jupiter, Neptune, and Pluto, as appears from their attributes, which are 
a quadruped that looks like a bear, a triton on the throne of the second, 
and a pomegranate in the hand of the third. To these three gods a family 
appear to be making offerings: the man in armor presents a helmet, the 
woman a dove, and the child a cock and a pomegranate. The child is 
represented on the long eastern side; on which there are also two female 
figures and a man with astaff and a dog. On the northern and southern 
399 
