SCULPTURE. 61 
rous others, give proof of this; and the later masters, as Balthasar Per- 
moser, Schliiter, &c., did all in their power to preserve the art handed 
down to them in its purity, until at length the turgid style and perverted 
taste of the periwig period, which had originated in Italy and infected 
France, extended also to Germany and furnished that country with their 
rococo images. Fortunately this period did not last very long in Germany ; 
for German good sense expelled the foreign intruder betimes. In Italy itself 
this false taste was combated and a nobler art revived by Germans: the 
names of Trippel, Winckelmann, and Mengs are become immortal, and 
sufficiently attest the German sense of the beautiful. But recent times 
have produced an array of artists of world-wide celebrity ; and if Italy has 
her Canova, France her David, and Denmark her Thorwaldsen, we find 
contemporaneously or in quick succession in Germany the names of Zauner, 
Schliiter, Schadow, Dannecker, Tieck, Rauch, and Schwanthaler, all of 
them heroes in the art of sculpture. We will here give some account of 
each of the five masters of the most recent times. 
Joh. Heinr. Dannecker, the son of a groom, was born in Stuttgard in the 
year 1758, and, like Schiller, was a student at the Charles-school, but 
devoted himself to sculpture. As early as 1776, at the competitory exhibi- 
tion, he gained the first prize for his I/tlo attacked by Lions, and in 1780 
he was appointed by Duke Charles sculptor to the court, with permission 
to pursue his studies in Paris and Rome. Here he soon distinguished 
himself; and after he had been there five years, his statues of Ceres and 
Bacchus gained him admission into the academies of Bologna and Milan. 
In the year 1790 he returned to Stuttgard, where he was greatly honored, 
and had a title of nobility conferred upon him. Besides his Ariadne, in 
the possession of the banker Bethmann of Frankfort (which cost 20,000 
guilders, or $8000), we will mention his bust of Schiller ; his colossal 
Christ, in Russia; and his Amor and Psyche, both in England. Dan- 
necker died in 1841. 
Joh. Gottfr. Schadow was born in Berlin, in 1764, a few years after 
Dannecker. He was the son of a tailor, and was taken to instruct by a 
pensioned sculptor of the court. He married early and went to Italy, 
where he wrought so industriously and with such success as to obtain at a 
competition the highest prize. He was made rector of the Academy of 
the Plastic Arts in Berlin, an office which he held from 1788 till his 
death, which occurred recently. Schadow was the father of sculpture in 
northern Germany, as Dannecker was in the south. The number of his 
works is very considerable, and they are distinguished by great truth to 
nature and vigorous conception, while those of Dannecker breathe more 
the spirit of the antique. Though Schadow also was no stranger to this ; 
as many of his works, and especially the beautiful frieze on the Mint in 
Berlin, &c., demonstrate. Schadow executed the monument of Count 
Von der Mark in the church of St. Sophia in Berlin, and that of Frederick 
the Great in Stettin, for which even the French showed such great respect 
that at the last siege they took precautions to prevent any injury to it from 
their balls. This beautiful statue is of white marble. The statue of Duke 
445 
