COTTON MANUFACTURE. $i 
We will now describe the driving parts of the carriage. s is an inclined 
shaft (jigs. 8 and 12), parallel to the axis of rotation of the driving-drums 
(jig. 11), which give motion to the wharves of the spindles. Upon the 
shaft s is the double grooved pulley 1, which gives motion by bands in the 
usual manner to the drawing-drums on each side of the carriage. On the 
lower end of the shaft s is a bevel-wheel, 17, which may be shifted to 
engage with either of the bevel-wheels 18 or 19 (fig. 12). The wheel 18 is 
placed upon a short shaft which carries a double-band pulley, 1, driven by 
a band from the twist-pulley mM, passing under guide-pulleys, ¢ and wu (figs. 
8 and 9). One end of this band passes over the guide-pulley, x, of the 
carriage, round the driving-pulley 1, for the purpose of increasing the 
friction between the band and pulley, and insuring the rotation of the spin- 
dles. The endless band then passes round the horizontal tightening-pulley, 
v (jig. 9), thence back under the other guide-pulley, ¢, and up to the twist- 
pulley m again. 
After the backing off is performed, the shaft s is shifted, so that the 
bevel-wheel 17 engages the wheel 19 (jig. 12), on a short shaft carrying a 
wheel, 20, which gears into a wheel, 21, upon the shaft of the winding-on 
barrel 0, on the periphery of which are grooves to carry the chain attached 
to it. The other end of this chain is fixed to the point 10 of the apparatus 
P (fig. 8). | 
As the carriage moves backwards to the roller-beam it causes the drum, 
0, to revolve as the chain pulls it round, the other end of the chain being 
fast at the point, 10. Thus the shaft s receives a slow motion on its axis 
through the wheels 21, 20, 19, 17, which, during the return of the carriage, 
causes the spindles to revolve and wind on the yarn by the depression of 
the faller. vp (jig. 8) is a toothed quadrant revolving upon a centre, x, and 
having a grooved arm, ¥, in front of which is a screw, having on one end 
a small bevel wheel, 22, which gears with another, 23, turning with a pulley, 
z, on an axis. In the groove of the arm, y, slides a nut, 10, to which 
the end of the chain is attached, and which moves gradually to the end of 
the screw by the revolution of the pulley, z, and consequently the bevel 
wheels 23 and 22, the latter being fast to the screw, y. This quadrant moves 
through one fourth of a circle during the going out of the carriage, being 
in gear with the pinion, 24, on the shaft of the barrel, ¢, round which the 
rope passes which carries out the carriage. Therefore the scroll, r, moving 
back the carriage with a varying velocity, gives by the pinion, 24, a cor- 
responding returning motion to the said quadrant, by which means the nut, 
10, is caused to describe a quadrant of a circle of a diameter corresponding 
to the distance of the point, 10, from the centre of the quadrant. By this 
action the drum, 0, does not turn in proportion to the advance of the car- 
riage; the point, 10, to which the end of the chain of that drum is attached, 
following the motion of the carriage in the proportion of the cosines of the 
ares through which the quadrant p hasturned. The velocity of the drum, a, 
is consequently increased as the said cosines diminish, and therefore turns 
the spindles faster as the carriage approaches the roller beam, the faller 
guiding the threads upon the cop. 
671 
