COTTON MANUFACTURE. 93 
arm, 7, turns loosely round the shaft of the segment, and is connected by a 
link to the arm, s’, and has at its end a roller, wv’, which slides during the 
motions of the carriage on a long rail, Q, fixed to the frame of the head- 
stock (jig. 13) on the side opposite to that represented in jig. 8. 
In jig. 13 this frame is shown with the rail, @, in dotted lines behind ; this 
rail has two pins, @’’ and 6’, going through the slots in the frame-piece, B, 
which rest upon two plates, c’ and @”, called the shaper plates, because they 
define the shape of the cops, and are connected with each other by the bar e’’. 
The shaper plate, @’’, has a nut, #’”’, in which a screw works, bearing on its 
end a ratchet-wheel, g'’, one or two teeth of which are moved by a click 
from the carriage at the end of each of its comings-out. Thus the shaper 
plates c’ and d@” are gradually shifted, and the rail, a, at the back of the 
frame-piece, B (figs. 14 and 15), is permitted to sink a little so as to make 
the roller w’ (jig. 14) run lower upon its rail, ga, during the motions of the 
carriage. When the faller is depressed, which is at the time when the car- 
riage begins its going-in, the segment, p’, is turned, and the catch, 7’, falling 
into the notch, g’, must now follow the action of the sliding roller, w', on the 
railg. The segment, p’, now driving o’, which is attached to the faller-shaft 
of the left side of the carriage, will give to that shaft a regular rising motion 
in proportion as the carriage approaches the roller beam, by being con- 
nected to the roller w’, which runs over the inclined rail ge. The carriage 
having reached the end of its course, the arm s’ goes over the bar v seen 
in section in jig. 15, by which means the catch 7’ is lifted from its notch g’ 
(jig. 14), and the fallers are made to rise by the spiral springs attached to 
them: the same motion is transferred to the faller-shaft, e (jig. 15), on the 
right hand side of the carriage by the horizontal shaft /’, to which both are 
connected by arms and connecting-rods. 
We have now to explain how all these motions are successively produced 
in the machine. 6 (jig. 8) is the shaft which by certain disengagements is 
permitted to revolve at each of four different periods through a fourth part 
of a circle. On this shaft are the following guides and eccentrics. In front 
of the pulleys, c, c’, c’’, is the guide, h” (fig. 10), for the fork of the strap, p, 
which is attached to the top end of the lever; 2’, the guide (2” in jig. 10) 
for the other strap, p’, which is shifted by the lever, 4, working in the bar, 
2’, on the end of which is fixed the fork for the said strap. m’” (fig. 8) is 
an eccentric by which the bevel wheel, 7, and the coupling clutch on the 
shaft, 7 (fig. 9), is worked, whilst the wheel 10 is brought into gear with 11. 
The lever which carries the bearing of the shaft 2 and shift-wheel 10 into 
gear with 11 is connected with the lever n” (jig. 8), working the coupling 
on the shaft 7 (jig. 9), and is moved by the eccentric mv’ by a hook, which 
being subsequently lifted makes also the wheel 10 to fall out of gear with 11. 
o” is a finger, seen best in jig. 10, by which the quantity of twist is regu- 
lated, and which keeps the shaft } from turning a fourth part of a revolution 
till a notch in the plate p allows that finger to strike through. The shaft is 
afterwards arrested in another way. 
_ The plate p is fixed on a shaft with wheel 25 (jig. 8), which is driven by 
a worm on the principal shaft, @ (fig. 10), and may be varied in diameter 
ICONOGRAPHIC ENCYCLOPZPIA.—VOL, IV. 43 673 
