162 TECHNOLOGY. 
contrivance is chiefly in use in Thuringia, a district in Germany, which 
annually exports many thousands of the finest singing birds. 
12. Brrps or Prey. Birds of prey, besides being shot and destroyed in 
other ways, may be taken with the gin net, which also proves of service in 
catching other birds. /%gs. 41 and 42 exhibit two kinds of traps, jig. 41 
for partridges, jig. 42 for smaller birds. When intended for rapacious birds 
they are constructed on the plan of jig. 42, but much stouter. 
2. Fissine. 
A. Hresh Water Fishing. 
1. Fissive wire Hook anp Linz. The general principles of bait-fishing 
are so well known that it is scarcely necessary to mention them here. The 
apparatus is exceedingly simple and within the reach of almost every 
one, but in many cases great skill is necessary to capture the so-called 
game fish. 
The instrument usually employed for hand fishing is the rod and line 
( pl. 84, fig. 1) held in the hand, and the baited hook cast into the water. 
Sometimes a swimmer or float is attached to the line, to show more readily 
the attack of the fish, or to regulate the depth to which the bait ought to 
sink. The bait varies with the fish to be captured, with the season, and 
with the condition of the water. It may consist of a worm, caterpillar, 
grasshopper, bit of meat, small fish, frog, and indeed animal matter of 
almost any kind. Sometimes a number of short baited lines are attached 
to a longer one, which is then stretched out in the water, and allowed to 
remain over night. 
9. Fissinc wira Nets anp Werrs. This mode of fishing affords more 
abundant results than the preceding, but its machinery is much more 
complicated and expensive. The forms of nets are very various, differing 
with the species of fish, locality, &c. A simple kind is that known as the 
scoop or hoop-net, consisting of a netted bag attached to a hoop with a long 
handle (pl. 84, jig. 2). The dip-net is a square piece of netting, stretched 
by the corners between two semicircular hoops, which cross each other at 
right angles, and are suspended from a long pole. The jish-wevr is repre- 
sented in jigs. 4 and 5, the set-net in jig. 6, the seene or haul-net in fig. 3. 
Fig. 7 shows the construction of what is usually called a jish-pot or basket. 
The casting-net is much used on the Southern sea-coast of the United States. 
This consists of a circular net with weights around the circumference, and 
along rope attached to the centre. This is cast into the water, and the 
circumference sinking more rapidly than the centre, any fish which happen 
to be beneath are immediately inclosed. 
3. Fisninc By Fire. This consists in attaching an iron vessel containing 
burning splints to the bow of a boat, or carrying it by hand close to the 
water. The light attracts the fish, Pie are then taken either by hand or 
by means of scoop-nets, spears, gigs, &c. (pl. 34, jig. 8). 
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