18- BOTANY. 
In a simple leaf, with radiating venation, we have lobes or clefts when 
the incisions extend about halfway to the base, a prefix beg added to 
indicate the number, as ¢hree-lobed or trifid, many-lobed or multifid, &c. A 
leaf is palmate when the leaf is cleft only partly, so as to resemble a palm 
with short fingers; it 1s digitate when the divisions are deeper, and five in 
number, like long fingers; it 1s dissected when there are numerous narrow 
‘livisions extending nearly up to the base. A pedate, or pedatifid leaf, is one 
in which there are me ee primary divisions with two lateral, somewhat like the 
foot and toes of a bird. 
In all the cases just considered the petiole is in the plane of the leaf. 
The petiole may, however, meet the leaf at an angle either right or acute. 
When the stalk is inserted into the middle of a tolerably entire leaf, this is 
orbicular in shape, and peltate in respect to the petiole; the term peltate 
is also applied to cases where the stalk is inserted within the continuous 
margin. 
When a leaf is very narrow, with the edges parallel, as in the Pines, it is 
| we 
SSN NIOUOLEs 
LOK NSS 
= wea 
NSIS 
rer" 18 20 21 
Various Forms of Leaves. 
acicular or linear (fig. 1). When the veins diverge, those in the middle 
longest, and the margin tapering gently to either end, the leaf is /anceolate 
(fig. 2). Should the ends be rounded, we may have a rounded (fig. 3), 
elliptical (fig. 4), oval (fig. 5), or oblong (fig. 6) leaf. When the veins at 
the base are longest the leaf is ovate or egg-shaped (fig. T), and obovate 
18 
