72 ; BOTANY. 
hairs, or none. Ex. Isolepis, Scirpus, Eriophorum ; tics ite angusti- 
fila (pl. 55, fig. 6), a, flower, b, fruit. 
Tribe 10. Cyperee. Flowers hermaphrodite, few or many : generally from 
one- to three-flowered ; perigone rarely present, setaceous ; caryopsis crusta- 
ceous, compressed, bornittinnes mucronate, rarely inp, The most cele- 
brated species of this tribe is the Papyrus antiquorum, or the plant furnishing 
the papyrus of the ancients ( pl. 56, fig. 9). Another well-known genus is 
Cyperus. C. officinalis (pl. 55, fig. T) a, the lower part of the stalk; 6, the. 
upper part; c, a scale; d, the reproductive apparatus. } 
Sub-class 2. Petaloidee. 
Flowers having usually a perianth consisting either of verticillate leaves, 
which may sometimes be separated into calyx and corolla, and are often 
colored (petaloid), or of a few whorled scales. Occasionally the perianth is 
abortive. 
a. Flowers Incomplete, often Uniserual, without a Proper Perianth, or with 
a Few Verticillate Scales. 
Orver 12. Restiaces#, or EriocauLonace4&, the Restia, or Cord-Rush 
Family. Flowers frequently unisexual, perianth glumaceous, sometimes none. 
Stamens definite, perigynous when two or three in number opposite the inner 
glumes ; anthers usually one-celled. Ovary one or more celled, sometimes 
composed of several carpels; ovules solitary, pendulous ; styles and stigmas 
two or more. Fruit capsular, or nucumentaceous. Seeds pendulous: embryo 
lenticular, outside mealy albumen, remote from the hilum. Herbs or under- 
shrubs, with narrow, simple leaves, or none, naked or sheathed columns, and 
spiked or capitate bracteated flowers. They are found chiefly in America and 
New Holland. They have few properties of importance. The tough, wiry 
stems of Willdenovia teres, and some Restias, are used for making baskets 
and brooms. Hriocaulon septangulare is a native of Britain and of North 
America. ) 
OrpveR 13. Natapace#, or Potames#, the Naias, or Pondweed Family. 
Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual. Perianth of two or four herbaceous 
or scaly pieces, often deciduous, sometimes none. Stamens definite, hypo- 
gynous. Ovary free, of one or more carpels; ovule solitary; style one or 
none; stigma entire, rarely two- to three-parted. Fruit dry, one-celled, 
usually indehiscent. Seed solitary, erect, or pendulous, exalbuminous : embryo 
straight or curved, usually with a lateral slit for the plumule; radicle large. 
Plants living in fresh and in salt water, having cellular leaves with parallel 
veins and inconspicuous flowers. They are found in various parts of the 
world. They have no properties of importance. Zostera marina 1s 
used in the dried state for stuffing mattresses, and has been recommended 
for hospitals. There are nineteen known genera, and upwards of seventy 
72 
