BOTANY. 119 
rarely four-cleft ; sestivation imbricated. Stamens inserted on the corolla, 
equal in number to its segments and alternate with them. Ovary usually 
four-lobed, quadrilocular ; ovules four, each attached to the lowest point of 
the cavity, amphitropal; style simple, basilar (terminal in Ehretiez and 
Heliotropiez) ; stigma simple or bifid. Fruit consisting of two to four 
distinct acheenia (succulent and consolidated in Ehretiez.) Seed exalbu- 
minous, or with thin albumen; radicle superior; cotyledons plano-convex. 
Herbs, shrubs, or trees, with terete stems, alternate rough, exstipulate 
leaves, and flowers generally in scorpioidal (gyrate) cymes. On account of 
the asperities in the leaves, the plants have sometimes been called 
Asperifoliz. 
Sub-order 1. Ehretiee. Style terminal. Almost entirely tropical. T'ribe 
1. Tournefortiee. Seeds with a perisperm. Examples: Ehretia, Tourne- 
fortia, &c. Tribe 2. Heliotropee. Seeds without perisperm. Examples: 
Heliotropium, Schleidenia. 3 
Sub-order 2. Boraginee. Style gynobasic. No perisperm. Inhabitants 
of temperate regions. Tribe 3. Anchusee. Carpels adnate to the receptacle. 
Examples : Onosmodium, Echyum, Lycopsis, Symphytum, Mertensia, Lithos- 
permum, Myosotis, &c. Tribe 4. Cynoglossee. Carpels adnate to the base 
of the style. Examples: Cynoglossum, Echinospermum. 
The genera adduced of the two last tribes all have North American species. 
There are in the entire order about 67 genera and 200 species. Some species 
of Heliotropium are eminent for their fragrance. Alkanet root, which yields 
reddish-brown die, is the product of Anchusa tinctoria. Myosotis palustris is 
the Forget-me-not. Mertensia (Pulmonaria) virginica, or Lungwort, is one of 
our earliest spring flowers. 
Borago officinalis, Borage, Europe and Asia (pl. 63, fig. 6); a, calyx with 
pistil: b, division of corolla with stamen; c¢, ore of the scaly appendages of 
the corolla; d, a stamen ; e, ditto from before: f, the nutlets ; g, one of these 
magnified. 
OrveER 90. Corniace#, the Cordia Family. Calyx four- or five-toothed, 
inferior. Corolla monopetalous, four- or five-cleft, regular. Stamens 
inserted on the corolla, alternate with its segments; anthers versatile. 
Ovary free, four- to eight-celled ; ovules solitary, pendulous, anatropal ; 
style continuous; stigma four- to eight-cleft. Fruit drupaceous, four- to 
eight-celled. Seed exalbuminous, pendulous from the apex of the cell by a. 
long funiculus, upon which it is turned back; radicle superior ; cotyledons 
plaited longitudinally. Trees with alternate, rough, exstipulate leaves, and 
panicled flowers.. They are chiefly natives of warm countries. Some yield 
edible fruits ; their bark is occasionally bitter, tonic, and astringent, and their 
wood is used for various economical purposes. The succulent mucilaginous 
fruits of Cordia myxa, and sebestena receive the name of Sebesten Plums. 
There are 11 genera enumerated by Lindley, including 180 species. Exam- 
ples: Cordia, Varronia. 
Orver 91. ConvotvuLacre®, the Convolvulus Family. Calyx five- 
divided, persistent, imbricated, often bracteated. Corolla monopetalous, hy- 
pogynous, deciduous, regular; limb five-lobed, with a plaited or imbricated 
101 
