132 BOTANY. 
and upwards of 120 species. Examples: Gesnera, Columnea, Gloxinia, - 
Achimenes. | 
Orver 112. Lopexiaces, the Lobelia Family. Calyx superior, five-lobed 
or entire. Corolla gamopetalous, inserted on the calyx, irregular, more or 
less deeply five-cleft. Stamens five, attached to the calyx, alternate with 
the segments of the corolla; anthers cohering; pollen oval. Ovary 
inferior, one- to three-celled; ovules 00, attached either to central or 
parietal placente ; style glabrous, with a fringe of hairs below the stigma. 
Fruit a one- or more-celled capsule, with apicilar dehiscence. Seeds 
numerous ; embryo straight, in the axis of fleshy albumen ; radicle pointing 
to the hilum. Lactescent herbs or shrubs, with alternate, exstipulate leaves. 
They are found both in temperate and warm countries. There are twenty- — 
seven known genera and 375 species. Examples: Lobelia, Siphocampylus, 
Clintonia. 
Acridity characterizes the order to a greater or less extent. Lobelia 
inflata, or Indian tobacco, is a remedy in great favor with a certain class of 
practitioners. Other species also, as L. siphilitica, are considered efficacious 
in some diseases. 
Lobelia fulgens (Mexico) (pl. 64, fig. 8); a, upper part of the plant ; 
b, stamens expanded and magnified ; c, stamens with the anthers cut across ; 
d, stamens and pistil; e, stigma. 
Orper 112. Campanutace#, the Hare-bell Family. Calyx superior, 
usually five-lobed, sometimes three- to eight-lobed, persistent. Corolla 
gamopetalous, inserted into the top of the calyx, usually five-lobed, some- 
times three- to eight-lobed, regular, marcescent ; estivation valvate. 
Stamens inserted into the calyx, alternating with the corolline lobes, and 
equal to them in number ; anthers bilocular, free; pollen spherical. Ovary 
more or less completely inferior, composed of two or more carpels; ovules 
indefinite ; style simple, covered with collecting hairs; stigma naked, 
simple, or with as many lobes as there are ovarian cells. Fruit capsular, 
crowned with the withered calyx and corolla, dehiscing in a loculicidal 
manner by lateral apertures, or by valves at the apex. Seeds 00; attached 
to a central placenta; embryo straight, in the axis of fleshy albumen; 
radicle pointing to the hilum. Lactescent herbs or undershrubs, with 
alternate, rarely opposite, exstipulate leaves. The hairs on the style are 
said to be retractile, and seem to be connected with the application of the 
pollen. The flowers in most instances are blue. They are natives chiefly 
of northern and temperate regions. They abound in the alpine regions of 
Europe and Asia, and are also frequent in North America. Alphonse De 
Candolle states, that the species whose capsule dehisces by lateral fissures 
are natives of the northern hemisphere, while those with apicilar dehiscence 
are principally found in the southern hemisphere. The milky juice found in 
the plants of this order has acrid properties. Lindley enumerates twenty- 
eight genera, including five hundred species. Examples: Campanula, 
Phyteuma, Jasione. 
Campanula trachelium, Hare-bell (Europe) (pl. 64, fig. 7); a, upper 
portion of the plant; 6, sexual apparatus ; c, separated stamens: d, stamen ; 
132 
