138 BOTANY. 
Sub-tribe 6. Carliniee. Heads discoid, homogamous. Anthers caudate. 
Pappus mostly plumose. Example: Saussurea. 
Sub-tribe 7. Centaurie@. Heads discoid; the marginal flowers mostly 
neutral, usually much larger than the others. Pappus never plumose, 
sometimes wanting. Example: *Centaurea, *Cnicus. 
Sub-tribe 8. Carthamee (none North American). Example: Carthamus. 
Sub-tribe 9. Silybee (none North American). Example: Silybum. 
Sub-tribe 10. Carduinee. Heads discoid, homogamous, sometimes 
dicecious. Anthers slightly or not at all caudate. Pappus of plumose or 
scabrous bristles. Examples: *Cirsium, *Carduus, *Lappa. 
Sub-tribe 11. Serratule (none North American). Example: Serratula. 
SUB-ORDER 2. LAaBIATIFLORZ. 
Tribe 6. Mutisiacee. Style of the perfect flowers cylindraceous or some- 
what nodose above : the branches obtuse or truncate, externally very convex, 
aud minutely pubescent above. Only one North American genus (Chaptalia). 
Sub-tribe 1. Mutisiee (none North American). Division 1. Barna- 
desiee. Fixample: Schlechtendalia. Division 2. Humutisiee. Example: 
Mutisia. 
Sub-tribe 2. Leriee. Example: *Chaptalia. 
Sub-tribe 3. Facelidee (none North American). Example: Facelis. 
Tribe 7. Nassauviacee. Style of the perfect flowers not nodose, 
thickened above: the branches linear, rather long, truncate, penicillate at 
the summit. Only one North American genus (Acourtia). 
Sub-tribe 1. Polyachyridee. Example: Polyachyrus. 
Sub-tribe 2. Nassauviee. Example: Caloptilium. 
Suhb-tribe 3. Trixidee. Example: *Acourtia. 
Susp-orDerR 3. LiguLirtor4. 
Tribe 8. Cichoracee. Style cylindraceous above: the branches rather 
long and obtuse, equally pubescent, the stigmatic lines terminating below 
their middle. Plants with a milky juice. Leaves alternate. 
Sub-tribe 1. Scolymee (none North American). Example: Scolymus. 
Sub-tribe 2. Lampsanee. Pappus none. Receptacle not chaffy. Ex- 
amples: *Lampsana, *Apogon. — . 
Sub-tribe 3. Hyoseridee. Pappus wholly or partly chaffy or squamellate. 
Receptacle not chaffy. Example: *Cichorium. 
Sub-tribe 4. Hypocheridee (none North American). Example: 
Oreophila. 
Sub-tribe 5. Scorzoneree. Pappus setose or plumose. Receptacle not 
chaffy. Examples: *Leontodon, *Rafinesquia. 
Sub-tribe 6. Lactucee. Pappus capillary, not plumose. Receptacle not 
chaffy.. Examples: *Hieracium, *Taraxacum, * Lactuca. 
Of the 1000 genera indicated above, as embraced in this vast order, 200 
are found in North America, or one fifth of the whole. Nearly all the sub- 
tribes, and most of the divisions indicated above, have representatives in 
this country. Of the entire order Labiatiflorze, however, there are but two 
genera, the rest being principally found on the western coast of South 
138 
