BOTANY. 157 
the tube of the calyx, estivation twisted. Stamens usually four or eight 
(rarely one or two), epigynous; filaments distinct; pollen triangular, 
usually cohering by threads. Ovary two- to four-celled, adherent, usually 
with an epigynous disk; style filiform; stigma capitate or four-lobed ; 
ovules indefinite, rarely definite, anatropal. Fruit succulent or capsular, 
dehiscent or indehiscent, one,- two,- to four-celled. Seeds usually «, 
exalbuminous ; embryo straight, with a long slender radicle pointing to the 
hilum, and short cotyledons. Herbs or shrubs, with alternate or opposite, 
simple, not dotted leaves, and with the parts of the flower usually 
tetranerous. They inhabit chiefly temperate regions, and are found 
abundantly in Europe, Asia, and America, and sparingly in Africa. 
Tribe 1. Jussiewee. Calyx divided immediately above the ovary. 
Number of stamens equal to, or double that of the petals. Fruit capsular, 
with septicidal dehiscence, many seeded. Cotyledons straight. Examples: 
*Jussieua, *Ludwigia. 
Tribe 2. Onagree. Calyx with the tube more or less elongated. 
Number of stamens double that of petals. Fruit capsular with loculicidal 
dehiscence, many seeded. Cotyledons straight. Examples: *Oenothera, 
“Gayophytum, *Epilobium, 
Tribe 3. Gauree. Calyx with the tube elongated. Number of stamens 
double that of petals. Fruit indehiscent, nucumentaceous, one- to four- 
seeded. Cotyledons twisted. Examples: *Gaura, *Stenosiphon. 
Tribe 4. Fuchsiee. Calyx with the tube elongated. Number of 
stamens double that of petals. Fruit fleshy. Cotyledons_ straight. 
Example: Fuchsia. - 
Tribe 5. Lopeziez. Tube of calyx elongated. Petals four or more. 
Stamens two or one. Fruit capsular, many seeded, with loculicidal 
dehiscence. Example: Lopezia. 
Tribe 6. Circaee. Calyx divided into two segments immediately above 
the ovary: petals two; stamens two. Fruit indehiscent, two-locular, two- 
seeded. Examples: Circea. 
Of the above order there are about 30 genera and 450 species. North 
America has 12 genera and 117 species. Among the more pe 
species is Oenothera biennis, the Evening Primrose. 
Oenothera biennis, Evening Pearse United States (pl. 69, fig. 6); a, 
a flowering branch; b, calyx; c, stamen ; d, vertical section of calyx tube ; 
e, burst capsule ; f, cross-section of do.; g, seed. 
Epilobium angustifolium, Willow- herd (Europe) (pl. 69, fig. 7); 
flower branch ; b, calyx with style and a stamen; c, burst capsule; d, a seed. 
Orver 145. Myrtacea, the Myrtle Family. Calyx four-, five-, six- to 
eight-cleft, the limb sometimes cohering at the apex, and falling off like a 
lid; estivation valvate. Petals attached to the calyx, alternating with its 
segments, and equal to them in number, with a quincuncial estivation, 
rarely 0. Stamens inserted with the petals, twice as many as the petals, or 
» ; filaments distinct, or united in one or more parcels, curved inwards in 
the bud; anthers ovate, dithecal, with longitudinal dehiscence. Ovary 
adherent to the tube of the calyx, one- to six-celled; style and stigma 
157 
