160 BOTANY. 
or opposite, exstipulate, entire leaves. They are natives of the tropical 
regions of Asia, Africa,and America. The general property of the order is 
astringency. Many are used for tanning, and some for dying. The fruit 
at Terminalia belerica, and of T’. chebula, under the name of Myrobalans, 
is used as an astringent. The seeds of Terminalia catappa are eaten like 
almonds. The order has been divided into three sub-orders : 
Sub-order 1. Terminaliee, petals 0, cotyledons convolute. 
Sub-order 2. Combretee, petals present, cotyledons plicate. 
Sub-order 3. Gyrocarpea, petals 0, cotyledons convolute, anthers dehiscing 
by recurved valves. . | 
There are 22 genera enumerated by Lindley, including 200 species. 
Examples : * Terminalia, Combretum, Gyrocarpus, *Conocarpus. The order ; 
is represented in Florida by Conocarpus erecta, and Terminalia catappa. 
Orper 148. Vocuysiace#, the Vochysia Family. Sepals four to five, 
united at the base, unequal, the upper one largest and spurred; estivation 
imbricated. Petals one, two, three, or five, alternate with the divisions of 
the calyx, and inserted into its base, unequal. Stamens one to five, opposite 
to, or alternate with the petals, perigynous, one having an ovate, fertile, 
four-celled anther, the rest being sterile. Ovary free, or partially adherent 
to the calyx, three-celled; ovules solitary or in pairs, rarely numerous, 
amphitropal or anatropal; style and stigma one. Fruit a triquetrous, three- 
celled and three-valved capsule, usually with loculicidal dehiscence. Seeds 
usually one to two in each cell, erect, exalbuminous, attached to a central 
placenta; embryo straight ; cotyledons large and leafy ; radicle short and 
superior. Trees or shrubs, with opposite, entire, exstipulate leaves. ‘They 
inhabit the warmer parts of America. Their properties are little known. 
There are eight genera enumerated, including fifty-one species. Examples: 
Vochysia, Qualea. 
Orver 149. RuizorpHoraces#, the Mangrove Family. Calyx adherent, 
four- to twelve-lobed; stivation valvate, or sometimes calyptriform. 
Petals arising from the calyx, alternate with the lobes, and equal to them in 
number. Stamens inserted with the petals, twice or thrice their number ; 
filaments distinct, subulate; anthers erect. Ovary two-, three-, to four- 
celled ; ovules two or more in each cell, anatropal. Fruit indehiscent, 
adherent to the calyx, and crowned by it, unilocular, monospermous. Seed 
solitary, pendulous, exalbuminous; cotyledons flat; radicle long, piercing 
the fruit. Trees or shrubs, with simple opposite leaves, and deciduous 
interpetiolary stipules. They are found on the muddy shores of the tropics. 
There are five genera, and twenty species known. Examples: *Rhizophora, 
Kandelia. 
Rhizophora mangle or the Mangrove, forms thickets along the muddy 
shores of the ocean in Florida, sending out adventitious shoots. The embryo 
germinates while still within the pericarp. 
Orver 150. Lyrnracea, the Willow Strife Family. Calyx tubular, 
lobed, the lobes sometimes with intermediate lobes or teeth, estivation 
valvate. Petals alternate with the primary lobes of the calyx, very 
deciduous, sometimes 0. Stamens inserted into the tube of the calyx a 
160 
