BOTANY. 169 
Cassia lanceolata, Senna (Upper Egypt and Nubia) (pl. 70, jig. 7); 
flowering branch, half opened legume and seed. 
Tamarindus indica, Tamarind tree (South Asia and Central Africa) ( pl. 
70, jig. 8); a, flowering branch; 6, sexual apparatus; c, calyx and ovary 
in cross-section ; d, legume, partly in section ; e¢, seed. 
Heematoxylon campeachianum, Logwood (central America) (pl. 70, 
Jig. 9); a, flowering branch ; 6, cross-section of the young wood; ¢, flower ; 
d, do. from beneath ; e, portion of a flower with pistil, two stamens, a petal, 
and a sepal ; 7, sexual apparatus of natural size ; gz, buds; 4, a legume. 
Orper 155. Connaracea, the Connarus Family. Flowers bisexual, 
rarely unisexual. Calyx five-partite, regular, persistent ; sestivation imbricate 
or valvate. Petals five, inserted at the base of the calyx. Stamens twice 
as many as the petals, inserted with them, and doubtfully hypogynous; 
filaments united at the base. Ovary consisting of one or more separate 
carpels, each having a terminal style, and a dilated stigma; ovules in pairs, 
collateral, ascending, orthotropal. Fruit follicular, dehiscing along the 
ventral suture. Seeds solitary or in pairs, erect, with or without albumen, 
sometimes arillate ; embryo with a superior radicle, remote from the hilum, 
and cotyledons, which are either fleshy or leafy. Trees or shrubs, with 
compound, alternate, exstipulate leaves, which are not dotted. They are 
tropical plants, some of which have febrifuge properties. Omphalobium 
lamberti is said to furnish Zebrawood. This order, as well as the orders 
Anacardiacez and Amyridaces, are by many considered truly hypogynous, 
and as belonging to Thalamifloree. Lindley notices five genera, and forty- 
one species. Examples: Connarus, Omphalobium, Cnestis. 
Orper 156. Amyripacea&, the Amyris Family. Flowers usually bisexual, 
sometimes unisexual by abortion. Calyx persistent, regular or nearly so, 
with two to five divisions. Petals three to five, inserted at the base of the 
calyx; eestivation valvate or imbricated. Stamens twice or four times as 
many as the petals, perigynous. Disk covering the base of the calyx, often 
in a ring-like manner. Ovary superior, sessile, one- to five-celled; ovules 
in pairs, anatropal, pendulous or suspended; style one or none; stigma 
simple or lobed, sometimes capitate. Fruit dry, one- to five-celled, inde- 
hiscent, or its epicarp splitting into valves. Seeds solitary, exalbuminous, 
with a superior radicle next the hilum, and cotyledons, which are fleshy or 
wrinkled. Trees or shrubs, abounding in resin, with opposite or alternate 
compound leaves, which are frequently stipulate and dotted. They are 
natives of tropical regions. There are two sub-orders : 
Sub-order 1. Amyridew, with an unilocular ovary. 
Sub-order 2. Burseree, with a two- to five-celled ovary. Some look 
upon the stamens of Amyrideze as truly hypogynous, and consider the order 
as allied to Aurantiacee. 
Lindley gives twenty-two genera, and forty-five species. Examples: 
*Amyris, Boswellia, Bursera, Balsamodendron. Amyris floridana is the 
sole North American representative. 
Various balsamic and resinous substances are obtained from plants of this 
order. One of these is gum elemi. Olibanum, or the true Frankincense, is 
169 
