BOTANY. 185 
three genera and thirty-three species. Zribe 1. Hypericew. No glands 
between the stamens. Examples: *Hypericum, *Asyrum. Z7ibe 2. 
Elodew. Glands or scales alternating with the groups of stamens. 
Example: *Elodea. 
Hypericum perforatum is the noxious yellow flowered plant, called St. 
John’s Wort, and common in old fields and pastures. 
Hypericum perforatum (pl. 67, jig. 3); a, re a branch; 4, calyx ; 
ce, fruit; d, lower half of a leaf magnified. 
Sem, 188. AURANTIACEA, cla Orange Family. Calyx urceolate or 
campanulate, short, three- to five-toothed, withering. Petals three to five, 
broad at the base, sometimes slightly coherent; sestivation imbricated. 
Stamens equal in number to, or a multiple of, the petals; filaments flattened 
at the base, distinct or combined into one or more parcels; anthers erect. 
Thalamus enlarged in the form of a hypogynous disk, to which the petals 
and stamens are attached. Ovary free, multilocular; style one; stigma 
thickish, somewhat divided. Fruit a hesperidium, having a spongy, 
separable rind, and pulpy, separable cells. Seeds anatropal, attached to the 
axis, solitary, or several, usually pendulous, having the chalaza and. raphe 
usually well marked ; perisperm 0; embryo straight ; cotyledons thick and 
fleshy. ‘Trees or shrubs, usually conspicuous for their beauty, with 
alternate, often compound leaves, which are articulated with a usually 
winged petiole. They abound in the East Indies. There are twenty 
genera and nearly one hundred species enumerated. Zrizbe 1. Limonee. 
Stamens twice as many as the petals. One ovule only, or two collateral. 
Example: *Limonia. Z7ribe 2. Clausenece. Stamens twice as many as the 
petals. Ovules two, superimposed. Example: Marraya. Tribe 3. Citree. 
Stamens double or multiple the petals in number. Ovules many, in two 
series. Examples: Feronia, Citrus. 
Plants of this order are characterized by having receptacles of volatile oil 
in’ almost every part. It includes the Orange, Lemon, Lime, Citron, 
Shaddock, &c. Citrus vulgaris yields the bitter or Seville orange. Sweet 
oranges are derived from Citrus aurantium. The best come from the 
Azores. <A single tree has been known to produce 20,000 oranges. Citrus 
limonum supplies the Lemon ; C. medica, the Citron; C. limetta, the Lime ; 
C. decumana, the Shaddock. Oil of Bergamot is the volatile oil from the 
rind of the Bergamot, a variety of the Lime. Extensive groves of Orange 
trees are found in East Florida, south of latitude 29° 30’. 
Citrus medica, the Citron (pl. 67, jig. 5); a, a flowering branch; 6, 
stamens; ¢c,asingle bundle of stamens; d, anther ; ¢, pistil ; 7, cross-section 
of fruit; g, h, seed. 
Orper 189. Oxacacea, the Olax Family. Calyx small, gamosepalous, 
entire or toothed, often becoming finally large and fleshy; eestivation 
imbricated. Petals three to six, hypogynous, free, or adhering in pairs by 
means of the stamens; estivation valvate. Stamens hypogynous, some 
fertile, others sterile ; the former three to ten, alternate with the petals, the 
latter opposite to the petals; filaments compressed; anthers innate, 
bilocular, with longitudinal dehiscence. Ovary one- to three- or four-celled ; 
185 
