BOTANY. 201 
tribola, is the Papaw of the western and middle States. Anona cherimolia 
furnishes the Cherimoyer of Peru. The lancewood in so much request for 
carriages, fishing-rods, &c., is furnished by Duguetia quitarensis, a native of 
Guiana. 
Anona squamosa, Anona, West Indies (pl. 68, jig.3); a, flowering 
branch ; 0, receptacle; ¢, stamen; d, fruit in section; ¢, seed; ,f, ditto in 
section. 
Orper 219. Maenoriacna, the Magnolia Family. Sepals two to six, 
usually deciduous. Petals two to thirty, hypogynous, often in several rows. 
Stamens indefinite, distinct, hypogynous: anthers adnate, dehiscing longi- 
tudinally. Carpels numerous, one-celled, arranged upon a more or less 
elevated receptacle; ovules anatropal, suspended, or ascending; styles 
short. Fruit consisting of numerous distinct or partially coherent carpels, 
which are either dehiscent or indehiscent, sometimes samaroid. Seeds, 
when ripe, often hang suspended from the carpels by a long, slender cord ; 
embryo minute, at the base of a fleshy perisperm. Trees and shrubs, with 
alternate coriaceous leaves, and deciduous convolute stipules. They 
abound in North America, and some species occur in South America, 
China, Japan, New Holland, and New Zealand. 
Sub-order 1. Magnoliew. Carpels spicate on the elongated torus. 
Anthers long. Scales of the leaf-bud formed of convolute stipules. 
Examples: Talauma, *Magnolia, *Liriodendron, Michelia. 
Sub-order 2. Llliciew. Carpels in a single whorl, anthers short. Leaves 
with transparent dots. Examples: Tasmannia, Drimys, *Hlicium. 
Sub-order 3. Schizandrew. Flowers monecious, or dicecious. Pistils 
imbricated, spicate, or capitate. Stamens in a cluster, monadelphous, or 
distinct. Stipules none. Leaves entire or toothed. Stems often sarmen- 
tose. Mucilaginous, the seeds aromatic. Examples: Spherostemma, 
*Schizandra. 
The order, according to Lindley, contains eleven genera and sixty-five 
species, of which three genera and ten species are North American. The 
Magnolias belong principally to the United States and to China. Magnolia 
grandiflora has flowers six to eight inches in diameter. M. macrophylla 
has leaves from one to three feet in length. The cucumber tree of the 
middle States is M. acuminata. M. glauca is a small species found in wet 
places along the Atlantic coast, and possessing very fragrant white flowers. 
Winter’s bark is obtained from Drimys winteri, or aromatica, brought from 
the Strait of Magellan, in 1579, by Captain Winter. Liriodendron 
tulipiferum is the American Tulip tree, or Poplar, which furnishes the 
valuable cabinet wood, known as poplar. (The wood of Populus, or the 
true Poplar, is unfit for manufacturing purposes.) Several species of 
Nlicium or Anise are found in the United States: 
Illictum anisatum, Star Anise, China and Japan (pl. 68, jig. 2); a, 
flowering branch ; 0, flower from above; «, pistil and stamens ; @, stamens; 
é, pistil; ff, seed vessels ; g, seed. 
Magnolia grandiflora, United States (pl. 68, jig. 1); @, leaves and 
201 
